feat: auto-bootstrap CAS store on open (Phase 1a)

Changes:
1. openStore() now async, auto-creates directory and bootstraps
2. Removed shouldCreate parameter and validateStoreExists()
3. All openStore() calls now awaited
4. Deleted init and bootstrap commands
5. Removed Issue #55 store validation tests (superseded by auto-bootstrap)
6. Enhanced error handling in openStore() for permission/path issues
7. Updated e2e snapshots after fixing missed await in cmdRender

Bootstrap is idempotent. Core tests using createMemoryStore() unaffected.

Fixes #73

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>

packages/cli-json-cas/src/__snapshots__/e2e.test.ts.snap

@@ -264,8 +264,6 @@ exports[`Phase 7: Edge Cases 7.6 no subcommand shows help text 1`] = `
 "Usage: json-cas [--store <path>] [--json] <command> [args]
 
 Commands:
-  init                              Create store dir and write bootstrap seed
-  bootstrap                         Write meta-schema seed, print hash
   schema put <file.json>            Register schema, print type hash
   schema get <type-hash>            Print schema JSON
   schema list                       List all schemas (name + hash)

packages/cli-json-cas/src/cli.test.ts

@@ -1443,130 +1443,6 @@ describe("schema put - invalid schema error handling", () => {
   });
 });
 
-describe("Store validation - non-existent paths (Issue #55)", () => {
-  test("E2E-55-1: get with non-existent store reports store not found", async () => {
-    const fakePath = "/nonexistent/path/to/store";
-    const { exitCode, stderr } = await runCli(
-      ["get", "AAAAAAAAAAAAA"],
-      fakePath,
-    );
-
-    expect(exitCode).not.toBe(0);
-    expect(stderr).toContain("Store not found");
-    expect(stderr).toContain(fakePath);
-    expect(stderr).not.toContain("Node not found");
-  });
-
-  test("E2E-55-2: has with non-existent store reports store not found", async () => {
-    const fakePath = `/tmp/nonexistent-store-${Date.now()}`;
-    const { exitCode, stderr } = await runCli(
-      ["has", "BBBBBBBBBBBBB"],
-      fakePath,
-    );
-
-    expect(exitCode).not.toBe(0);
-    expect(stderr).toContain("Store not found");
-  });
-
-  test("E2E-55-3: verify with non-existent store reports store not found", async () => {
-    const { exitCode, stderr } = await runCli(
-      ["verify", "CCCCCCCCCCCCC"],
-      "/does/not/exist",
-    );
-
-    expect(exitCode).not.toBe(0);
-    expect(stderr).toContain("Store not found");
-  });
-
-  test("E2E-55-4: schema get with non-existent store reports store not found", async () => {
-    const { exitCode, stderr } = await runCli(
-      ["schema", "get", "@string"],
-      "/fake/path",
-    );
-
-    expect(exitCode).not.toBe(0);
-    expect(stderr).toContain("Store not found");
-  });
-
-  test("E2E-55-5: schema list with non-existent store reports store not found", async () => {
-    const { exitCode, stderr } = await runCli(
-      ["schema", "list"],
-      "/nonexistent/store",
-    );
-
-    expect(exitCode).not.toBe(0);
-    expect(stderr).toContain("Store not found");
-  });
-
-  test("E2E-55-6: walk with non-existent store reports store not found", async () => {
-    const { exitCode, stderr } = await runCli(
-      ["walk", "DDDDDDDDDDDDD"],
-      "/tmp/missing-store",
-    );
-
-    expect(exitCode).not.toBe(0);
-    expect(stderr).toContain("Store not found");
-  });
-
-  test("E2E-55-7: cat with non-existent store reports store not found", async () => {
-    const { exitCode, stderr } = await runCli(
-      ["cat", "EEEEEEEEEEEEE"],
-      "/no/such/dir",
-    );
-
-    expect(exitCode).not.toBe(0);
-    expect(stderr).toContain("Store not found");
-  });
-
-  test("E2E-55-8: refs with non-existent store reports store not found", async () => {
-    const { exitCode, stderr } = await runCli(
-      ["refs", "FFFFFFFFFFFFF"],
-      "/nonexistent",
-    );
-
-    expect(exitCode).not.toBe(0);
-    expect(stderr).toContain("Store not found");
-  });
-
-  test("E2E-55-9: existing store works normally (regression)", async () => {
-    const tmpStore = mkdtempSync(join(tmpdir(), "json-cas-test-"));
-    try {
-      await runCli(["init"], tmpStore);
-
-      const payloadFile = join(tmpStore, "test.json");
-      writeFileSync(payloadFile, JSON.stringify("test"));
-
-      const { stdout: hash } = await runCli(
-        ["put", "@string", payloadFile],
-        tmpStore,
-      );
-      const { exitCode, stdout, stderr } = await runCli(
-        ["get", hash.trim()],
-        tmpStore,
-      );
-
-      expect(exitCode).toBe(0);
-      expect(stderr).toBe("");
-      const node = JSON.parse(stdout);
-      expect(node).toHaveProperty("type");
-      expect(node).toHaveProperty("payload", "test");
-    } finally {
-      rmSync(tmpStore, { recursive: true, force: true });
-    }
-  });
-
-  test("E2E-55-10: init creates directory (should not validate)", async () => {
-    const newStore = join(tmpdir(), `new-store-${Date.now()}`);
-    try {
-      const { exitCode, stdout, stderr } = await runCli(["init"], newStore);
-
-      expect(exitCode).toBe(0);
-      expect(stderr).toBe("");
-      expect(stdout.trim()).toMatch(/^[0-9A-HJKMNP-TV-Z]{13}$/);
-      const { existsSync } = await import("node:fs");
-      expect(existsSync(newStore)).toBe(true);
-    } finally {
-      rmSync(newStore, { recursive: true, force: true });
-    }
-  });
-});
+// Store validation tests removed - with auto-bootstrap in Phase 1a,
+// stores are automatically created and bootstrapped when opened.
+// Issue #55 validation is no longer applicable.

packages/cli-json-cas/src/e2e.test.ts

@@ -57,13 +57,7 @@ function stripVolatile(json: string): unknown {
 // ---- Phase 1: CAS Core ----
 
 describe("Phase 1: CAS Core", () => {
-  test("1.1 bootstrap returns 13-char Base32 hash", async () => {
-    const { stdout, exitCode } = await runCli(["init"]);
-    expect(exitCode).toBe(0);
-    expect(stdout).toMatch(/^[0-9A-HJKMNP-TV-Z]{13}$/);
-  });
-
-  test("1.2 schema put returns type hash", async () => {
+  test("1.1 schema put returns type hash (auto-bootstraps store)", async () => {
     const schemaFile = join(tmpStore, "test-schema.json");
     writeFileSync(
       schemaFile,
@@ -531,14 +525,15 @@ describe("Phase 7: Edge Cases", () => {
     expect(combined.toLowerCase()).toContain("usage");
   });
 
-  test("7.7 --store non-existent path errors with Store not found", async () => {
-    const fakeStore = "/nonexistent/store/path";
+  test("7.7 --store path is a file errors", async () => {
+    const fileAsStore = join(tmpStore, "not-a-directory");
+    writeFileSync(fileAsStore, "test");
     const proc = Bun.spawn(
       [
         "bun",
         entrypoint,
         "--store",
-        fakeStore,
+        fileAsStore,
         "--var-db",
         varDbPath,
         "get",
@@ -549,7 +544,6 @@ describe("Phase 7: Edge Cases", () => {
     const exitCode = await proc.exited;
     const stderr = (await new Response(proc.stderr).text()).trim();
     expect(exitCode).not.toBe(0);
-    expect(stderr).toContain("Store not found");
-    expect(stderr).not.toContain("Node not found");
+    expect(stderr).toContain("not a directory");
   });
 });

packages/cli-json-cas/src/index.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env bun
 
-import { existsSync, mkdirSync, readFileSync } from "node:fs";
+import { existsSync, readFileSync } from "node:fs";
 import { homedir } from "node:os";
 import { join, resolve } from "node:path";
 import type { Hash, JSONSchema, Store, VariableStore } from "@uncaged/json-cas";
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ import {
   verify,
   walk,
 } from "@uncaged/json-cas";
-import { createFsStore } from "@uncaged/json-cas-fs";
+import { openStore as openFsStore } from "@uncaged/json-cas-fs";
 
 // ---- Argument parsing ----
 
@@ -113,26 +113,16 @@ function readJsonFile(file: string): unknown {
 }
 
 /**
- * Validate that the store directory exists.
- * Dies with a clear error message if not found.
+ * Open the filesystem-backed CAS store.
+ * Automatically creates directory and bootstraps if needed.
  */
-function validateStoreExists(path: string): void {
-  if (!existsSync(path)) {
-    die(`Store not found at ${path}`);
-  }
-}
-
-function openStore(shouldCreate = false): Store {
+async function openStore(): Promise<Store> {
   const fullPath = resolve(storePath);
-  if (!shouldCreate) {
-    validateStoreExists(fullPath);
-  }
-  return createFsStore(fullPath);
+  return await openFsStore(fullPath);
 }
 
-function openVarStore(): VariableStore {
-  const store = openStore(true);
-  mkdirSync(resolve(storePath), { recursive: true });
+async function openVarStore(): Promise<VariableStore> {
+  const store = await openStore();
   return createVariableStore(resolve(varDbPath), store);
 }
 
@@ -141,12 +131,9 @@ function openVarStore(): VariableStore {
  * If the input starts with @, resolve it via bootstrap
  * Otherwise, return the hash as-is
  */
-async function resolveTypeHash(
-  typeHashOrAlias: string,
-  shouldCreate = false,
-): Promise<Hash> {
+async function resolveTypeHash(typeHashOrAlias: string): Promise<Hash> {
   if (typeHashOrAlias.startsWith("@")) {
-    const store = openStore(shouldCreate);
+    const store = await openStore();
     const builtinSchemas = await bootstrap(store);
     const resolvedHash = builtinSchemas[typeHashOrAlias];
     if (!resolvedHash) {
@@ -162,7 +149,7 @@ async function resolveTypeHash(
  * This is the type hash used in JSON envelopes
  */
 async function getVariableSchemaHash(): Promise<Hash> {
-  const store = openStore();
+  const store = await openStore();
 
   // Define the Variable JSON Schema (updated for new model with composite key)
   const variableSchema: JSONSchema = {
@@ -240,27 +227,11 @@ function parseTagsLabels(args: string[]): {
 
 // ---- Commands ----
 
-async function cmdInit(): Promise<void> {
-  const dir = resolve(storePath);
-  mkdirSync(dir, { recursive: true });
-  const store = createFsStore(dir);
-  const builtinSchemas = await bootstrap(store);
-  const metaHash = builtinSchemas["@schema"];
-  console.log(metaHash);
-}
-
-async function cmdBootstrap(): Promise<void> {
-  const store = openStore(true);
-  const builtinSchemas = await bootstrap(store);
-  const metaHash = builtinSchemas["@schema"];
-  console.log(metaHash);
-}
-
 async function cmdSchemaPut(args: string[]): Promise<void> {
   const file = args[0];
   if (!file) die("Usage: json-cas schema put <file.json>");
   const schema = readJsonFile(file) as JSONSchema;
-  const store = openStore(true);
+  const store = await openStore();
   try {
     const hash = await putSchema(store, schema);
     console.log(hash);
@@ -276,14 +247,14 @@ async function cmdSchemaGet(args: string[]): Promise<void> {
   const hashOrAlias = args[0];
   if (!hashOrAlias) die("Usage: json-cas schema get <type-hash>");
   const hash = await resolveTypeHash(hashOrAlias);
-  const store = openStore();
+  const store = await openStore();
   const schema = getSchema(store, hash);
   if (schema === null) die(`Schema not found: ${hashOrAlias}`);
   out(schema);
 }
 
 async function cmdSchemaList(): Promise<void> {
-  const store = openStore();
+  const store = await openStore();
   const builtinSchemas = await bootstrap(store);
   const metaHash = builtinSchemas["@schema"];
   if (!metaHash) throw new Error("Meta-schema not found");
@@ -304,7 +275,7 @@ async function cmdSchemaList(): Promise<void> {
 async function cmdSchemaValidate(args: string[]): Promise<void> {
   const hash = args[0];
   if (!hash) die("Usage: json-cas schema validate <hash>");
-  const store = openStore();
+  const store = await openStore();
   const node = store.get(hash);
   if (node === null) die(`Node not found: ${hash}`);
   const valid = validate(store, node);
@@ -316,9 +287,9 @@ async function cmdPut(args: string[]): Promise<void> {
   const file = args[1];
   if (!typeHashOrAlias || !file)
     die("Usage: json-cas put <type-hash> <file.json>");
-  const typeHash = await resolveTypeHash(typeHashOrAlias, true);
+  const typeHash = await resolveTypeHash(typeHashOrAlias);
   const payload = readJsonFile(file);
-  const store = openStore(true);
+  const store = await openStore();
 
   // Check if schema exists
   const schema = getSchema(store, typeHash);
@@ -343,7 +314,7 @@ async function cmdPut(args: string[]): Promise<void> {
 async function cmdGet(args: string[]): Promise<void> {
   const hash = args[0];
   if (!hash) die("Usage: json-cas get <hash>");
-  const store = openStore();
+  const store = await openStore();
   const node = store.get(hash);
   if (node === null) die(`Node not found: ${hash}`);
   out(node);
@@ -352,14 +323,14 @@ async function cmdGet(args: string[]): Promise<void> {
 async function cmdHas(args: string[]): Promise<void> {
   const hash = args[0];
   if (!hash) die("Usage: json-cas has <hash>");
-  const store = openStore();
+  const store = await openStore();
   console.log(String(store.has(hash)));
 }
 
 async function cmdVerify(args: string[]): Promise<void> {
   const hash = args[0];
   if (!hash) die("Usage: json-cas verify <hash>");
-  const store = openStore();
+  const store = await openStore();
   const node = store.get(hash);
   if (node === null) die(`Node not found: ${hash}`);
   const ok = await verify(hash, node);
@@ -369,7 +340,7 @@ async function cmdVerify(args: string[]): Promise<void> {
 async function cmdRefs(args: string[]): Promise<void> {
   const hash = args[0];
   if (!hash) die("Usage: json-cas refs <hash>");
-  const store = openStore();
+  const store = await openStore();
   const node = store.get(hash);
   if (node === null) die(`Node not found: ${hash}`);
   const refHashes = refs(store, node);
@@ -381,7 +352,7 @@ async function cmdRefs(args: string[]): Promise<void> {
 async function cmdWalk(args: string[]): Promise<void> {
   const hash = args[0];
   if (!hash) die("Usage: json-cas walk <hash> [--format tree]");
-  const store = openStore();
+  const store = await openStore();
   const format = flags.format;
 
   if (format === "tree") {
@@ -422,7 +393,7 @@ async function cmdHash(args: string[]): Promise<void> {
   const file = args[1];
   if (!typeHashOrAlias || !file)
     die("Usage: json-cas hash <type-hash> <file.json>");
-  const typeHash = await resolveTypeHash(typeHashOrAlias, true);
+  const typeHash = await resolveTypeHash(typeHashOrAlias);
   const payload = readJsonFile(file);
   const hash = await computeHash(typeHash, payload);
   console.log(hash);
@@ -442,7 +413,7 @@ async function cmdRender(args: string[]): Promise<void> {
     );
   }
 
-  const store = openStore();
+  const store = await openStore();
 
   // Parse numeric options
   const resolution =
@@ -517,7 +488,7 @@ async function cmdRender(args: string[]): Promise<void> {
       );
       process.stdout.write(output);
     } else {
-      const varStore = openVarStore();
+      const varStore = await openVarStore();
       const output = await renderAsync(store, hash, {
         resolution,
         decay,
@@ -541,7 +512,7 @@ async function cmdRender(args: string[]): Promise<void> {
 async function cmdCat(args: string[]): Promise<void> {
   const hash = args[0];
   if (!hash) die("Usage: json-cas cat <hash>");
-  const store = openStore();
+  const store = await openStore();
   const node = store.get(hash);
   if (node === null) die(`Node not found: ${hash}`);
   if (flags.payload === true) {
@@ -560,7 +531,7 @@ async function cmdVarSet(args: string[]): Promise<void> {
     die("Usage: json-cas var set <name> <hash> [--tag <tag>...]");
   }
 
-  const varStore = openVarStore();
+  const varStore = await openVarStore();
 
   try {
     // Parse tags/labels from --tag flags
@@ -611,7 +582,7 @@ async function cmdVarGet(args: string[]): Promise<void> {
     die("Usage: json-cas var get <name> --schema <hash>");
   }
 
-  const varStore = openVarStore();
+  const varStore = await openVarStore();
 
   try {
     const variable = varStore.get(name, schema);
@@ -633,7 +604,7 @@ async function cmdVarDelete(args: string[]): Promise<void> {
     die("Usage: json-cas var delete <name> [--schema <hash>]");
   }
 
-  const varStore = openVarStore();
+  const varStore = await openVarStore();
 
   try {
     if (schema !== undefined) {
@@ -670,7 +641,7 @@ async function cmdVarTag(args: string[]): Promise<void> {
     die("Usage: json-cas var tag <name> --schema <hash> <operations...>");
   }
 
-  const varStore = openVarStore();
+  const varStore = await openVarStore();
 
   try {
     const { tags, labels, deleteNames } = parseTagsLabels(tagArgs);
@@ -702,7 +673,7 @@ async function cmdVarList(args: string[]): Promise<void> {
   const schema = flags.schema as string | undefined;
   const tagFlags = flags.tag;
 
-  const varStore = openVarStore();
+  const varStore = await openVarStore();
 
   try {
     // Parse tags/labels from --tag flags
@@ -744,8 +715,7 @@ async function cmdTemplateSet(args: string[]): Promise<void> {
     die("Usage: json-cas template set <schema-hash> <file> | --inline <text>");
   }
 
-  const store = openStore();
-  mkdirSync(resolve(storePath), { recursive: true });
+  const store = await openStore();
   const varStore = createVariableStore(resolve(varDbPath), store);
 
   try {
@@ -816,8 +786,7 @@ async function cmdTemplateGet(args: string[]): Promise<void> {
     die("Usage: json-cas template get <schema-hash>");
   }
 
-  const store = openStore();
-  mkdirSync(resolve(storePath), { recursive: true });
+  const store = await openStore();
   const varStore = createVariableStore(resolve(varDbPath), store);
 
   try {
@@ -843,8 +812,7 @@ async function cmdTemplateGet(args: string[]): Promise<void> {
 }
 
 async function cmdTemplateList(_args: string[]): Promise<void> {
-  const store = openStore();
-  mkdirSync(resolve(storePath), { recursive: true });
+  const store = await openStore();
   const varStore = createVariableStore(resolve(varDbPath), store);
 
   try {
@@ -884,8 +852,7 @@ async function cmdTemplateDelete(args: string[]): Promise<void> {
     die("Usage: json-cas template delete <schema-hash>");
   }
 
-  const store = openStore();
-  mkdirSync(resolve(storePath), { recursive: true });
+  const store = await openStore();
   const varStore = createVariableStore(resolve(varDbPath), store);
 
   try {
@@ -905,7 +872,7 @@ async function cmdTemplateDelete(args: string[]): Promise<void> {
 }
 
 async function cmdGc(_args: string[]): Promise<void> {
-  const store = createFsStore(storePath);
+  const store = await openStore();
   const varStore = createVariableStore(varDbPath, store);
 
   try {
@@ -921,8 +888,6 @@ function printUsage(): void {
 Usage: json-cas [--store <path>] [--json] <command> [args]
 
 Commands:
-  init                              Create store dir and write bootstrap seed
-  bootstrap                         Write meta-schema seed, print hash
   schema put <file.json>            Register schema, print type hash
   schema get <type-hash>            Print schema JSON
   schema list                       List all schemas (name + hash)
@@ -971,14 +936,6 @@ if (!cmd) {
 }
 
 switch (cmd) {
-  case "init":
-    await cmdInit();
-    break;
-
-  case "bootstrap":
-    await cmdBootstrap();
-    break;
-
   case "schema": {
     const [sub, ...subRest] = rest;
     switch (sub) {

packages/json-cas-fs/src/index.ts

@@ -1 +1 @@
-export { createFsStore } from "./store.js";
+export { createFsStore, openStore } from "./store.js";

packages/json-cas-fs/src/store.test.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,11 @@
 import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, test } from "bun:test";
-import { existsSync, mkdtempSync, readdirSync, rmSync } from "node:fs";
+import {
+  existsSync,
+  mkdtempSync,
+  readdirSync,
+  rmSync,
+  writeFileSync,
+} from "node:fs";
 import { tmpdir } from "node:os";
 import { join } from "node:path";
 import type { CasNode } from "@uncaged/json-cas";
@@ -10,7 +16,7 @@ import {
   verify,
 } from "@uncaged/json-cas";
 
-import { createFsStore } from "./store.js";
+import { createFsStore, openStore } from "./store.js";
 
 function makeTmpDir(): string {
   return mkdtempSync(join(tmpdir(), "json-cas-fs-test-"));
@@ -312,3 +318,114 @@ describe("createFsStore – verify on disk-loaded nodes", () => {
     }
   });
 });
+
+// ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+// openStore – async with auto-bootstrap
+// ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+describe("openStore – async with auto-bootstrap", () => {
+  let dir: string;
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    dir = makeTmpDir();
+  });
+  afterEach(() => {
+    rmSync(dir, { recursive: true, force: true });
+  });
+
+  test("openStore returns Promise<Store>", async () => {
+    const store = await openStore(dir);
+    expect(store).toBeDefined();
+    expect(typeof store.put).toBe("function");
+    expect(typeof store.get).toBe("function");
+  });
+
+  test("openStore auto-creates directory when it doesn't exist", async () => {
+    const nested = join(dir, "sub", "nested", "store");
+    expect(existsSync(nested)).toBe(false);
+
+    const store = await openStore(nested);
+    expect(existsSync(nested)).toBe(true);
+
+    // Verify store works
+    const typeHash = await computeSelfHash({ name: "t" });
+    const hash = await store.put(typeHash, { x: 1 });
+    expect(store.has(hash)).toBe(true);
+  });
+
+  test("openStore works when directory already exists", async () => {
+    // Pre-create the directory
+    const store1 = await openStore(dir);
+    const typeHash = await computeSelfHash({ name: "t" });
+    await store1.put(typeHash, { x: 1 });
+
+    // Open again
+    const store2 = await openStore(dir);
+    expect(store2.listByType(typeHash)).toHaveLength(1);
+  });
+
+  test("openStore throws error when path exists but is not a directory", async () => {
+    const filePath = join(dir, "not-a-dir");
+    writeFileSync(filePath, "test");
+
+    await expect(openStore(filePath)).rejects.toThrow();
+  });
+
+  test("openStore auto-bootstraps on first open (empty directory)", async () => {
+    const store = await openStore(dir);
+
+    // Check that bootstrap schemas exist
+    const builtinSchemas = await bootstrap(store);
+    const metaHash = builtinSchemas["@schema"];
+
+    expect(metaHash).toBeDefined();
+    expect(store.has(metaHash as string)).toBe(true);
+
+    // Verify all core schemas exist
+    expect(store.has(builtinSchemas["@string"] as string)).toBe(true);
+    expect(store.has(builtinSchemas["@number"] as string)).toBe(true);
+    expect(store.has(builtinSchemas["@object"] as string)).toBe(true);
+    expect(store.has(builtinSchemas["@array"] as string)).toBe(true);
+    expect(store.has(builtinSchemas["@bool"] as string)).toBe(true);
+    expect(store.has(builtinSchemas["@schema"] as string)).toBe(true);
+  });
+
+  test("openStore bootstrap is idempotent on subsequent opens", async () => {
+    const store1 = await openStore(dir);
+    const schemas1 = await bootstrap(store1);
+    const count1 = store1.listAll().length;
+
+    const store2 = await openStore(dir);
+    const schemas2 = await bootstrap(store2);
+    const count2 = store2.listAll().length;
+
+    // Same schemas, same count
+    expect(schemas1).toEqual(schemas2);
+    expect(count1).toBe(count2);
+  });
+
+  test("openStore works on already-bootstrapped store", async () => {
+    // Bootstrap manually first
+    const store1 = createFsStore(dir);
+    const schemas1 = await bootstrap(store1);
+
+    // Open with openStore
+    const store2 = await openStore(dir);
+    const schemas2 = await bootstrap(store2);
+
+    expect(schemas1).toEqual(schemas2);
+  });
+
+  test("openStore auto-bootstraps old store without bootstrap", async () => {
+    // Create a store with some data but no bootstrap
+    const store1 = createFsStore(dir);
+    const typeHash = await computeSelfHash({ name: "custom" });
+    await store1.put(typeHash, { data: "old" });
+
+    // Open with openStore - should auto-bootstrap
+    const store2 = await openStore(dir);
+    const schemas = await bootstrap(store2);
+
+    expect(store2.has(schemas["@schema"] as string)).toBe(true);
+    // Old data still exists
+    expect(store2.listByType(typeHash)).toHaveLength(1);
+  });
+});

packages/json-cas-fs/src/store.ts

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import {
   readdirSync,
   readFileSync,
   renameSync,
+  statSync,
   unlinkSync,
   writeFileSync,
 } from "node:fs";
@@ -13,6 +14,7 @@ import type { BootstrapCapableStore, CasNode, Hash } from "@uncaged/json-cas";
 
 import {
   BOOTSTRAP_STORE,
+  bootstrap,
   cborEncode,
   computeHash,
   computeSelfHash,
@@ -219,3 +221,57 @@ export function createFsStore(dir: string): BootstrapCapableStore {
 
   return store;
 }
+
+/**
+ * Open a filesystem-backed CAS store with automatic directory creation and bootstrap.
+ * This is an async function that:
+ * 1. Creates the directory (with recursive: true) if it doesn't exist
+ * 2. Validates that the path is actually a directory (not a file)
+ * 3. Creates the store
+ * 4. Runs bootstrap (which is idempotent)
+ *
+ * @param dir - The directory path for the store
+ * @returns A Promise resolving to the BootstrapCapableStore
+ * @throws Error if the path exists but is not a directory
+ */
+export async function openStore(dir: string): Promise<BootstrapCapableStore> {
+  // Create directory if it doesn't exist
+  try {
+    mkdirSync(dir, { recursive: true });
+  } catch (error) {
+    if (error instanceof Error && "code" in error) {
+      const nodeError = error as NodeJS.ErrnoException;
+      if (nodeError.code === "EACCES") {
+        throw new Error(`Permission denied: cannot access store at ${dir}`);
+      }
+      if (nodeError.code === "ENOTDIR") {
+        throw new Error(`Path exists but is not a directory: ${dir}`);
+      }
+    }
+    throw error;
+  }
+
+  // Validate that the path is a directory
+  try {
+    const stats = statSync(dir);
+    if (!stats.isDirectory()) {
+      throw new Error(`Path exists but is not a directory: ${dir}`);
+    }
+  } catch (error) {
+    if (error instanceof Error && "code" in error) {
+      const nodeError = error as NodeJS.ErrnoException;
+      if (nodeError.code === "ENOENT") {
+        throw new Error(`Store not found at ${dir}`);
+      }
+    }
+    throw error;
+  }
+
+  // Create the store
+  const store = createFsStore(dir);
+
+  // Bootstrap (idempotent)
+  await bootstrap(store);
+
+  return store;
+}