docs: add comments explaining summarizer constants

小橘 <xiaoju@shazhou.work>

.gitignore

@@ -3,3 +3,5 @@ dist/
 bun.lock
 *.tgz
 tsconfig.tsbuildinfo
+.npmrc
+

CLAUDE.md

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 ## Project Overview
 
-**@uncaged/workflow** is a workflow engine that executes single-file ESM bundles. Each workflow is a self-contained `.esm.js` file with an XXH64 hash as its version identifier.
+This monorepo implements a workflow engine that executes single-file ESM bundles. Each workflow is a self-contained `.esm.js` file with an XXH64 hash as its version identifier. Shared types live in `@uncaged/workflow-protocol`; bundle authors typically depend on `@uncaged/workflow-runtime`.
 
 ### Key Terms
 
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 |---------|-----------|
 | **Workflow** | A single-file ESM module that exports `run` (workflow function) and `descriptor` (metadata). Identified by its XXH64 hash (Crockford Base32). |
 | **Bundle** | The physical `.esm.js` file stored in `~/.uncaged/workflow/bundles/`. |
-| **Thread** | A single execution of a workflow, identified by a ULID. Persisted as `.data.jsonl` + `.info.jsonl`. |
+| **Thread** | A single execution of a workflow, identified by a ULID. State lives in CAS (linked nodes); active threads indexed in `threads.json`; completed rows in `history/*.jsonl`. Debug logs use `.info.jsonl`. |
 | **Role** | A named actor within a workflow. Each role produces output with typed `meta`. |
 | **Registry** | `workflow.yaml` — maps workflow names to current/historical bundle hashes. |
 
@@ -19,14 +19,27 @@
 ```
 workflow/
   packages/
-    workflow/       # @uncaged/workflow — core lib (types, hash, ULID, JSONL, registry)
-    cli-workflow/   # @uncaged/cli-workflow — CLI (uncaged-workflow command)
+    workflow-protocol/              # @uncaged/workflow-protocol — shared types + Result
+    workflow-runtime/               # @uncaged/workflow-runtime — createWorkflow, type re-exports
+    workflow-util/                  # @uncaged/workflow-util — Base32, ULID, logger, storage paths, refs helpers
+    workflow-reactor/               # @uncaged/workflow-reactor — LLM fn + thread reactor (tool calls)
+    workflow-cas/                   # @uncaged/workflow-cas — CAS store, hash, Merkle
+    workflow-register/              # @uncaged/workflow-register — bundle validation, registry YAML, model resolution
+    workflow-execute/               # @uncaged/workflow-execute — engine, extract, fork, GC, workflowAsAgent
+    cli-workflow/                   # @uncaged/cli-workflow — uncaged-workflow CLI
+    workflow-agent-cursor/          # @uncaged/workflow-agent-cursor
+    workflow-agent-hermes/          # @uncaged/workflow-agent-hermes
+    workflow-agent-llm/             # @uncaged/workflow-agent-llm
+    workflow-util-agent/            # @uncaged/workflow-util-agent — buildAgentPrompt, spawnCli
+    workflow-template-develop/      # @uncaged/workflow-template-develop
+    workflow-template-solve-issue/  # @uncaged/workflow-template-solve-issue
+    workflow-dashboard/             # @uncaged/workflow-dashboard — React dashboard (private app)
   docs/             # RFCs, conventions
   biome.json        # root Biome config
   tsconfig.json     # root TypeScript config
 ```
 
-- `workflow` is the core; `cli-workflow` depends on it
+- Execution stack layers: `workflow-protocol` → (`workflow-runtime`, `workflow-util`, `workflow-reactor`) → (`workflow-cas`, `workflow-register`) → `workflow-execute` → `cli-workflow`
 - Packages use `workspace:*` protocol
 
 ## Language & Paradigm
@@ -167,10 +180,10 @@ type Result<T, E = Error> = { ok: true; value: T } | { ok: false; error: E };
 
 Never use `console.log/warn/error` directly — Biome's `noConsole` rule enforces this.
 
-All logging goes through the structured logger from `@uncaged/workflow`:
+All logging goes through the structured logger from `@uncaged/workflow-util`:
 
 ```typescript
-import { createLogger } from "@uncaged/workflow";
+import { createLogger } from "@uncaged/workflow-util";
 
 const log = createLogger();
 

README.md

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ A workflow engine that executes single-file ESM bundles. Each workflow is a self
 |---------|-------------|
 | **Workflow** | A single-file ESM module exporting `run` (workflow function) and `descriptor` (metadata). Identified by its XXH64 hash. |
 | **Bundle** | The physical `.esm.js` file stored in `~/.uncaged/workflow/bundles/`. |
-| **Thread** | A single execution of a workflow, identified by a ULID. Persisted as `.data.jsonl` + `.info.jsonl`. |
+| **Thread** | A single execution of a workflow, identified by a ULID. CAS-backed chain plus `threads.json` / `history/*.jsonl`; `.info.jsonl` for debug logs. |
 | **Role** | A named actor within a workflow. Each role produces output with typed `meta`. Roles live inside template packages (`src/roles/`). |
 | **Registry** | `workflow.yaml` — maps workflow names to current/historical bundle hashes. |
 | **CAS** | Content-Addressed Storage — bundles are immutable and addressed by hash. |
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ uncaged-workflow run solve-issue --prompt "Fix bug #42"
 ## CLI Usage
 
 ```bash
-uncaged-workflow help              # Show all commands
+uncaged-workflow                   # Print full command usage (exits with status 1)
 uncaged-workflow workflow list     # List registered workflows
 uncaged-workflow run <name>        # Start a workflow thread
 uncaged-workflow thread list       # List all threads
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ uncaged-workflow thread show <id>  # Inspect a thread
 uncaged-workflow skill             # Agent-consumable reference docs
 ```
 
-See `uncaged-workflow help` for the full command reference.
+Run `uncaged-workflow` with no arguments to print usage, or `uncaged-workflow skill cli` for the full CLI skill reference.
 
 ## Development
 

biome.json

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 {
   "$schema": "https://biomejs.dev/schemas/2.4.14/schema.json",
   "files": {
-    "includes": ["**", "!**/dist", "!**/node_modules"]
+    "includes": ["**", "!**/dist", "!**/node_modules", "!packages/workflow/workflow"]
   },
   "assist": { "actions": { "source": { "organizeImports": "on" } } },
   "formatter": {

docs/architecture.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-# @uncaged/workflow — Architecture
+# Uncaged workflow — Architecture
 
-**Last updated:** 2026-05-06 by 小橘 🍊（NEKO Team）
+**Last updated:** 2026-05-09
 
 ---
 
@@ -8,72 +8,106 @@
 
 A workflow engine that executes single-file ESM bundles. Each workflow is a self-contained `.esm.js` file identified by its XXH64 hash (Crockford Base32). No daemon — processes start on demand and exit when done.
 
-## Package Structure
+The implementation lives in **15** Bun workspace packages under `packages/`, using the `workspace:*` protocol.
 
-| Package | npm Name | Purpose |
-|---------|----------|---------|
-| `workflow` | `@uncaged/workflow` | Core: types, engine, ExtractFn, hash/ULID/registry |
-| `cli-workflow` | `@uncaged/cli-workflow` | CLI: `uncaged-workflow` command |
-| `workflow-agent-cursor` | `@uncaged/workflow-agent-cursor` | Cursor CLI agent (extracts workspace from ctx) |
-| `workflow-agent-hermes` | `@uncaged/workflow-agent-hermes` | Hermes CLI agent |
-| `workflow-agent-llm` | `@uncaged/workflow-agent-llm` | OpenAI-compatible LLM agent |
-| `workflow-template-develop` | `@uncaged/workflow-template-develop` | Develop workflow template (roles in `src/roles/`) |
-| `workflow-template-solve-issue` | `@uncaged/workflow-template-solve-issue` | Solve-issue workflow template (roles in `src/roles/`) |
-| `workflow-util-agent` | `@uncaged/workflow-util-agent` | `buildAgentPrompt` + `spawnCli` utilities |
+## Package map
 
-Monorepo with **bun workspace**, `workspace:*` protocol.
+Grouped by responsibility (npm name → folder).
 
-## Core Types
+| Layer | Package | One-line role |
+|-------|---------|----------------|
+| Contract | `@uncaged/workflow-protocol` → `workflow-protocol` | Shared TypeScript types and `Result` helpers; peer `zod` only — no other workspace deps. |
+| Author API | `@uncaged/workflow-runtime` → `workflow-runtime` | `createWorkflow` and re-exports of protocol workflow types for bundle authors. |
+| Shared infra | `@uncaged/workflow-util` → `workflow-util` | Base32/ULID, logger, storage root paths, global CAS dir, ref-field helpers. |
+| LLM plumbing | `@uncaged/workflow-reactor` → `workflow-reactor` | `createLlmFn`, `createThreadReactor`, and related tool-call types for threaded LLM invocation. |
+| CAS | `@uncaged/workflow-cas` → `workflow-cas` | `CasStore` implementation, XXH64 hashing, Merkle helpers over CAS payloads. |
+| Registry / bundles | `@uncaged/workflow-register` → `workflow-register` | Bundle validation & dynamic export extraction, `workflow.yaml` registry I/O, provider/model resolution. |
+| Engine | `@uncaged/workflow-execute` → `workflow-execute` | Thread execution, worker entry path, fork/GC, extract pipeline, `workflowAsAgent`. |
+| CLI | `@uncaged/cli-workflow` → `cli-workflow` | `uncaged-workflow` binary (depends on engine, registry, CAS, protocol, util, runtime). |
+| Agent adapters | `@uncaged/workflow-agent-cursor` → `workflow-agent-cursor` | `AgentFn` via `cursor-agent` CLI + workspace extraction. |
+| | `@uncaged/workflow-agent-hermes` → `workflow-agent-hermes` | `AgentFn` via `hermes chat` CLI. |
+| | `@uncaged/workflow-agent-llm` → `workflow-agent-llm` | `AgentFn` via OpenAI-compatible HTTP (`LlmProvider` from runtime). |
+| Agent shared | `@uncaged/workflow-util-agent` → `workflow-util-agent` | `buildAgentPrompt`, `spawnCli` for CLI-backed agents. |
+| Templates | `@uncaged/workflow-template-develop` → `workflow-template-develop` | Develop workflow definition, roles, descriptor builder. |
+| | `@uncaged/workflow-template-solve-issue` → `workflow-template-solve-issue` | Solve-issue workflow definition, roles, descriptor builder. |
+| Dashboard | `@uncaged/workflow-dashboard` → `workflow-dashboard` | Private Vite + React app (`src/main.tsx`); only `react` / `react-dom` dependencies — no workspace packages. |
 
-```typescript
-// --- Sentinel values ---
-const START = "__start__";
-const END = "__end__";
+## Dependency graph (workspace packages)
 
-// --- RoleMeta: maps role names → their meta types ---
-type RoleMeta = Record<string, Record<string, unknown>>;
+Bottom-up layering for the execution stack:
 
-// --- Role Definition: pure data, no execution logic ---
-type RoleDefinition<Meta> = {
-  description: string;      // human-readable
-  systemPrompt: string;     // given to agent
-  extractPrompt: string;    // given to extractor
-  schema: z.ZodType<Meta>;  // meta shape (Zod v4)
-};
-
-// --- Workflow Definition: pure data, no agent binding ---
-type WorkflowDefinition<M extends RoleMeta> = {
-  description: string;
-  roles: { [K in keyof M & string]: RoleDefinition<M[K]> };
-  moderator: Moderator<M>;
-};
-
-// --- Agent: raw string output, reads role info from context ---
-type AgentFn = (ctx: AgentContext) => Promise<string>;
-
-// --- Agent Binding: runtime assignment ---
-type AgentBinding = {
-  agent: AgentFn;
-  overrides?: Partial<Record<string, AgentFn>>;
-};
-
-// --- Extract: structured data from context ---
-type ExtractFn = <T>(schema: z.ZodType<T>, prompt: string, ctx: ExtractContext) => Promise<T>;
-
-// --- Moderator: pure routing function ---
-type Moderator<M extends RoleMeta> = (ctx: ModeratorContext<M>) => (keyof M & string) | typeof END;
-
-// --- Composition ---
-// createWorkflow(def, binding, extract) => WorkflowFn
+```mermaid
+flowchart BT
+  subgraph L0["Layer 0 — contract"]
+    protocol["@uncaged/workflow-protocol"]
+  end
+  subgraph L1["Layer 1 — on protocol"]
+    runtime["@uncaged/workflow-runtime"]
+    util["@uncaged/workflow-util"]
+    reactor["@uncaged/workflow-reactor"]
+  end
+  subgraph L2["Layer 2 — protocol + util"]
+    cas["@uncaged/workflow-cas"]
+    register["@uncaged/workflow-register"]
+  end
+  subgraph L3["Layer 3 — engine"]
+    execute["@uncaged/workflow-execute"]
+  end
+  subgraph L4["Layer 4 — CLI"]
+    cli["@uncaged/cli-workflow"]
+  end
+  runtime --> protocol
+  util --> protocol
+  reactor --> protocol
+  cas --> protocol
+  cas --> util
+  register --> protocol
+  register --> util
+  execute --> protocol
+  execute --> runtime
+  execute --> util
+  execute --> cas
+  execute --> reactor
+  execute --> register
+  cli --> protocol
+  cli --> util
+  cli --> cas
+  cli --> execute
+  cli --> register
+  cli --> runtime
 ```
 
-## Three-Phase Engine Loop
+**Adjacent consumers** (not in the main CLI stack):
 
-Each role execution has three distinct phases with progressive context:
+- `@uncaged/workflow-util-agent` → `@uncaged/workflow-runtime`
+- `@uncaged/workflow-agent-llm` → `@uncaged/workflow-runtime`
+- `@uncaged/workflow-agent-cursor` → `@uncaged/workflow-runtime`, `@uncaged/workflow-util-agent`, `zod`
+- `@uncaged/workflow-agent-hermes` → `@uncaged/workflow-runtime`, `@uncaged/workflow-util-agent`
+- `@uncaged/workflow-template-develop` → `@uncaged/workflow-register`, `@uncaged/workflow-runtime`, `zod`
+- `@uncaged/workflow-template-solve-issue` → `@uncaged/workflow-register`, `@uncaged/workflow-runtime`, `zod` (dev-only workspace deps: `@uncaged/workflow-cas`, `@uncaged/workflow-execute` for tests/tooling per `package.json`)
+
+## Package roles (detail)
+
+- **`workflow-protocol`** — Pure types (`WorkflowFn`, contexts, `CasStore` interface, descriptor shapes), `START` / `END`, `ok` / `err`. Depends only on peer `zod` for schema-related types in signatures.
+- **`workflow-runtime`** — Workflow author surface: `createWorkflow` from `src/create-workflow.js`, re-exports protocol types/constants used when authoring bundles.
+- **`workflow-util`** — Cross-cutting utilities: Crockford Base32, ULID, `createLogger`, `getDefaultWorkflowStorageRoot`, `getGlobalCasDir`, ref normalization; re-exports `ok`/`err` from protocol.
+- **`workflow-cas`** — Filesystem CAS (`createCasStore`), `hashString` / `hashWorkflowBundleBytes`, Merkle node serialization and helpers (`merkle.js`).
+- **`workflow-register`** — Bundle pipeline (`validateWorkflowBundle`, `extractBundleExports`, descriptor builders), registry YAML read/write, `resolveModel` / `splitProviderModelRef`.
+- **`workflow-execute`** — `executeThread`, supervisor/worker wiring (`engine/`), fork/GC/pause gate, `createExtract` + LLM extract helpers (`extract/`), `workflowAsAgent`. Imports `@uncaged/workflow-reactor` for LLM-backed extract/supervisor paths (`extract-fn.ts`, `supervisor.ts`).
+- **`workflow-reactor`** — `createLlmFn`, `createThreadReactor`, and thread tool-invocation types — consumed by `workflow-execute`.
+- **`cli-workflow`** — CLI commands and HTTP/dashboard-related wiring (`hono`, `yaml`); composes register + execute + CAS + util.
+- **`workflow-agent-*`** — Replaceable `AgentFn` implementations (Cursor / Hermes CLIs, or HTTP LLM).
+- **`workflow-util-agent`** — Shared prompt assembly and subprocess spawning for CLI agents.
+- **`workflow-template-*`** — Concrete `WorkflowDefinition` graphs + Zod role schemas + descriptor builders for publishing bundles.
+- **`workflow-dashboard`** — Standalone React UI; no published library entry matching `src/index.ts`.
+
+## Three-phase engine loop
+
+Each role round is implemented in `packages/workflow-runtime/src/create-workflow.ts` (`advanceOneRound`): moderator → agent → extractor, with progressive context types from `@uncaged/workflow-protocol`.
 
 ```
 ┌─→ Phase 1: MODERATOR
-│   Context: ModeratorContext { threadId, start, steps }
+│   Context: ModeratorContext { threadId, depth, start, steps }
 │   Action:  moderator(ctx) → role name | END
 │
 │   Phase 2: AGENT
@@ -82,98 +116,92 @@ Each role execution has three distinct phases with progressive context:
 │
 │   Phase 3: EXTRACTOR
 │   Context: ExtractContext = AgentCtx + { agentContent }
-│   Action:  extract(schema, extractPrompt, ctx) → typed meta
+│   Action:  runtime.extract(schema, extractPrompt, ctx) → typed meta
 │
-│   Merge: RoleStep { role, content, meta, timestamp }
+│   Merge: RoleStep { role, contentHash, meta, refs, timestamp }
 │   Append to steps
 └─────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
 ```
 
-### Context Types (progressive)
+### Context types (progressive)
+
+Defined in `packages/workflow-protocol/src/types.ts`:
 
 ```typescript
-// Phase 1: Moderator sees accumulated state only
-type ModeratorContext<M> = {
-  threadId: string;
-  start: StartStep;
-  steps: RoleStep<M>[];
-};
-
-// Phase 2: Agent knows its identity
+type ModeratorContext<M> = ThreadContext<M>;
 type AgentContext<M> = ModeratorContext<M> & {
   currentRole: { name: string; systemPrompt: string };
 };
-
-// Phase 3: Extractor has agent output
-type ExtractContext<M> = AgentContext<M> & {
-  agentContent: string;
-};
-
-// ThreadContext is an alias for AgentContext (backward compat)
-type ThreadContext<M> = AgentContext<M>;
+type ExtractContext<M> = AgentContext<M> & { agentContent: string };
 ```
 
-### Key Properties
+### Key properties
 
-- **Moderator is synchronous and pure** — no I/O, no state mutation
-- **Agent gets context, not instructions** — reads `ctx.currentRole.systemPrompt`
-- **Extractor is a general tool** — not limited to post-agent extraction; agents can use it too (e.g. Cursor agent extracts workspace path before execution)
-- **extractPrompt is a call parameter**, not context state — different callers use different prompts
+- **Moderator is synchronous and pure** — no I/O, no state mutation inside `createWorkflow`’s moderator call path.
+- **Agent receives `AgentContext`** — reads `ctx.currentRole.systemPrompt`; raw output becomes `agentContent` for extract.
+- **Extractor is `WorkflowRuntime.extract`** — supplied by the engine from registry-resolved LLM config (`workflow-execute`); stores agent body in CAS and yields `contentHash` + `refs` on each step (`create-workflow.ts`).
+- **`extractPrompt` is a call parameter** on `RoleDefinition`, not implicit context state.
 
-## Agent Information Sources
+## Agent information sources
 
 An agent has exactly three information sources:
 
 1. **Prior knowledge** — LLM training, agent memory, agent skills
-2. **Thread context** — `AgentContext` (start, steps, currentRole)
+2. **Thread context** — `AgentContext` (`start`, `steps`, `currentRole`)
 3. **Derived information** — from 1 & 2 (e.g. tool calls, shell commands)
 
-No hidden environment parameters. If an agent needs something (like a workspace path), it extracts it from context using `ExtractFn`.
+No hidden environment parameters. If an agent needs something (like a workspace path), it obtains it via `ExtractFn` (e.g. Cursor agent).
 
-## Bundle Contract
+## Bundle contract
 
-A workflow bundle is a single `.esm.js` file with two named exports:
+A workflow bundle is a single `.esm.js` file with two named exports (see `WorkflowFn` / `WorkflowDescriptor` in `packages/workflow-protocol/src/types.ts`):
 
 ```typescript
-// Named exports (no default export)
 export const descriptor: WorkflowDescriptor;
 export const run: WorkflowFn;
 
 type WorkflowFn = (
-  input: { prompt: string; steps: RoleOutput[] },
-  options: { threadId: string; maxRounds: number },
-) => AsyncGenerator<RoleOutput, WorkflowResult>;
+  thread: ThreadContext,
+  runtime: WorkflowRuntime,
+) => AsyncGenerator<RoleOutput, WorkflowCompletion>;
 ```
 
+`RoleOutput` carries `contentHash`, `meta`, and `refs` (agent text lives in CAS, addressed by hash).
+
 ### Constraints
 
 - Single `.esm.js` file
-- No dynamic `import()`
-- All static imports must be Node built-in modules only
-- XXH64 hash (Crockford Base32) = globally unique version ID
+- No dynamic `import()` in bundles (loader exempt in engine)
+- Portable bundle static imports are constrained by validation in `@uncaged/workflow-register` (`validateWorkflowBundle`)
+- XXH64 hash (Crockford Base32) = version ID
 
 ### Why AsyncGenerator?
 
-- Each `yield` → engine writes to `.data.jsonl`, checks abort/pause
-- `return` → engine marks thread complete
-- Fork = pass historical steps as `input.steps` to a new generator
-- Zero injection — bundle doesn't import from the engine
+- Each `yield` lets `workflow-execute` persist state, CAS rows, and enforce pause/abort
+- `return` supplies `WorkflowCompletion`
+- Fork replays historical steps into a new thread context
+- Bundle does not import the engine — only protocol/runtime types at build time
 
-## Storage Layout
+## Storage layout
 
 ```
 ~/.uncaged/workflow/
+├── cas/                           # Global content-addressed blobs (see getGlobalCasDir)
 ├── bundles/
-│   ├── C9NMV6V2TQT81.esm.js     # Crockford Base32 of XXH64
-│   └── C9NMV6V2TQT81.yaml       # Role descriptor
+│   ├── C9NMV6V2TQT81.esm.js       # Crockford Base32 of XXH64
+│   ├── C9NMV6V2TQT81.yaml         # Role descriptor sidecar (when present)
+│   └── C9NMV6V2TQT81/             # Per-hash bundle dir (alongside or instead of loose files)
+│       ├── threads.json           # Active threads: threadId → { head, start, updatedAt }
+│       └── history/
+│           └── 2026-05-09.jsonl   # Completed threads (one JSON object per line)
 ├── logs/                          # One folder per bundle hash
 │   └── C9NMV6V2TQT81/
-│       ├── 01KQXKW…YG.data.jsonl  # Thread state
-│       └── 01KQXKW…YG.info.jsonl  # Debug log
+│       ├── 01KQXKW…YG.running     # Present while worker executes this thread (optional)
+│       └── 01KQXKW…YG.info.jsonl   # Debug log
 └── workflow.yaml                  # Registry
 ```
 
-### ID Encoding: Crockford Base32
+### ID encoding: Crockford Base32
 
 - Case-insensitive, filesystem-safe, no ambiguous chars (0/O, 1/I/L)
 - Bundle hash: XXH64 → 13-char
@@ -181,45 +209,31 @@ type WorkflowFn = (
 
 ### Registry (`workflow.yaml`)
 
-```yaml
-workflows:
-  solve-issue:
-    hash: "C9NMV6V2TQT81"
-    timestamp: 1714963200000
-    history:
-      - hash: "A7BKR3M1NPQ40"
-        timestamp: 1714876800000
-```
+Managed by `@uncaged/workflow-register` (`readWorkflowRegistry`, `writeWorkflowRegistry`, …). Shape includes workflow entries and a top-level `config` section used for extract/supervisor model resolution.
 
-### Thread JSONL
+### Thread storage (CAS + index)
 
-**`.data.jsonl`** — Line 1: start record, Line 2+: role outputs
+Thread execution state is a chain of immutable CAS nodes (`StartNode`, `StateNode`, content Merkle blobs). Per bundle:
 
-```jsonc
-// Start record
-{ "name": "solve-issue", "hash": "C9NMV6V2TQT81", "threadId": "01KQXKW…",
-  "parameters": { "prompt": "Fix bug #3", "options": { "maxRounds": 5 } },
-  "timestamp": 1714963200000 }
-// Role output
-{ "role": "planner", "content": "...", "meta": { "phases": [...] }, "timestamp": ... }
-```
+- **`threads.json`** — only in-flight threads (`head`, `start`, `updatedAt`).
+- **`history/{YYYY-MM-DD}.jsonl`** — completed threads (`threadId`, `head`, `start`, `completedAt`).
+- **CAS (`cas/`)** — payloads and refs for replay, GC, and fork sharing.
 
-**`.info.jsonl`** — Structured debug log
+**`.info.jsonl`** — Structured debug log via `@uncaged/workflow-util` `createLogger`:
 
 ```jsonc
 { "tag": "4KNMR2PX", "content": "Loading bundle...", "timestamp": ... }
 ```
 
-Tags are 8-char Crockford Base32 (40-bit random), one per call site. `grep "4KNMR2PX"` → instant code location.
+Tags are 8-char Crockford Base32 (40-bit random), one per call site. `grep "4KNMR2PX"` → code location.
 
-## Execution Model
+## Execution model
 
-- **No daemon.** `uncaged-workflow run <name>` starts a worker process
-- Same bundle's threads share one process (memory efficiency)
-- Process exits when all threads complete
-- Thread termination via IPC within the process
+- **No daemon.** `uncaged-workflow run <name>` starts a worker process (`workflow-execute` worker entry via `getWorkerHostScriptPath`)
+- Threads share bundle-scoped workers as implemented in CLI/engine
+- Pause/resume/abort via engine IPC and pause gate (`createThreadPauseGate`)
 
-## CLI Commands
+## CLI commands
 
 | Priority | Command | Description |
 |----------|---------|-------------|
@@ -239,18 +253,16 @@ Tags are 8-char Crockford Base32 (40-bit random), one per call site. `grep "4KNM
 | P2 | `resume <thread-id>` | Resume a paused thread |
 | P3 | `fork <thread-id> [--from-role <role>]` | Fork from historical state |
 
-All commands implemented and tested. ✅
-
-## Design Decisions
+## Design decisions
 
 | Decision | Rationale |
 |----------|-----------|
 | **Role = pure data** | Decouples definition from execution; same role with different agents |
-| **Agent bound at runtime** | WorkflowDefinition is reusable; agent choice is deployment concern |
-| **Three-phase context** | Each phase sees only what it needs; clean separation |
-| **ExtractFn as general tool** | Agents use it for pre-execution extraction; engine uses it for meta |
-| **Single-file ESM** | Hash = version, no dependency hell, self-contained |
-| **No daemon** | OS handles process lifecycle; unnecessary complexity |
+| **Agent bound at runtime** | `WorkflowDefinition` is reusable; agent choice is deployment concern |
+| **Three-phase context** | Each phase sees only what it needs; types live in `workflow-protocol` |
+| **`WorkflowRuntime.extract` + CAS `contentHash`** | Large agent bodies deduplicated globally; Merkle roots summarize threads |
+| **`workflow-reactor` split** | LLM tool-calling loop isolated from filesystem/registry concerns |
+| **Single-file ESM** | Hash = version, self-contained bundle |
+| **No daemon** | OS handles process lifecycle |
 | **Crockford Base32** | Filesystem-safe, readable, compact |
-| **No concurrency in registry** | Different workflows have different constraints; belongs at workflow/role level |
-| **No dryRun** | Tests use mock agents + mock fetch; simpler architecture |
+| **15-package split** | Clear boundaries: protocol ↔ runtime author API ↔ util/CAS/register ↔ execute ↔ CLI ↔ agents/templates/UI |

docs/plans/2025-05-07-workflow-as-agent.md

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 # Workflow-as-Agent Implementation Plan
 
+> ⚠️ This plan references the pre-split package structure. File paths have changed.
+
 > **For Hermes:** Use subagent-driven-development skill to implement this plan task-by-task.
 
 **Goal:** Enable workflows to invoke other workflows as agents, backed by global CAS and refs tracking.

docs/plans/2026-05-09-cas-thread-storage.md

@@ -0,0 +1,262 @@
+# RFC: CAS-Based Thread Storage
+
+> Status: Draft
+> Author: 小橘 🍊（NEKO Team）
+> Date: 2026-05-09
+
+## Summary
+
+Replace `.data.jsonl` with a fully CAS-based thread state chain. Threads become linked lists of immutable CAS nodes, indexed by a per-bundle `threads.json`.
+
+## Motivation
+
+`.data.jsonl` is a flat append-only file with three different row formats (start, role step, end). This makes forking expensive (copy file), deduplication impossible (forked threads repeat shared history), and GC complex (must parse every row to find CAS refs).
+
+Threads are inherently immutable append-only sequences — a natural fit for CAS hash chains, similar to git's commit DAG.
+
+## Design
+
+### Node Types
+
+Two CAS node types, using the existing `{ type, payload, refs }` CAS blob structure:
+
+#### StartNode
+
+Contains workflow-level parameters. **No threadId** (because the same StartNode can be shared across forks). Prompt is stored as a CAS blob and referenced via `refs[0]`.
+
+```
+CAS blob:
+{
+  type: "start",
+  payload: {
+    name: "solve-issue",
+    hash: "BUNDLE_HASH",
+    maxRounds: 10,
+    depth: 0
+  },
+  refs: [
+    <prompt_hash>    // refs[0]: initial task prompt (CAS blob)
+  ]
+}
+```
+
+- No `role`, `content`, `meta` — this is not a step, it's workflow metadata
+- Prompt is **not** inline — it lives in CAS and is referenced by hash
+
+#### StateNode
+
+One per role step (including `__end__`).
+
+```
+CAS blob:
+{
+  type: "state",
+  payload: {
+    role: "coder",
+    meta: { ... },
+    start: "<start_hash>",
+    content: "<content_merkle_hash>",
+    ancestors: ["<parent_hash>", "<grandparent_hash>", ...],
+    compact: null,
+    timestamp: 1234567890
+  },
+  refs: [<start_hash>, <content_hash>, <parent_hash>, ...]
+}
+```
+
+**Payload is the source of truth.** Application code reads named fields from payload. `refs[]` is a **GC index** — automatically derived from payload by collecting all CAS hashes. GC only scans `refs[]` without understanding payload structure.
+
+**Payload fields:**
+
+| Field | Type | Meaning |
+|-------|------|---------|
+| `role` | `string` | Role name, or `"__end__"` for completion |
+| `meta` | `object` | Structured metadata extracted from agent output |
+| `start` | `string` | StartNode hash |
+| `content` | `string` | Content Merkle node hash (carries role artifact refs) |
+| `ancestors` | `string[]` | `[parent, grandparent, ...]` — up to 11 entries (1 parent + 10 skip-list). Empty for first step after start. `ancestors[0]` is the direct parent. |
+| `compact` | `string \| null` | CAS hash of a compacted summary of all nodes before this one. When present, LLM context assembly can use this instead of walking the full chain. |
+| `timestamp` | `number` | Unix timestamp in ms |
+
+### Content Merkle Node
+
+The content at `refs[2]` of each StateNode is itself a CAS Merkle node. This is where **role artifact references** live:
+
+```
+CAS blob:
+{
+  type: "content",
+  payload: "<role output text>",
+  refs: [
+    <artifact_hash_1>,   // e.g. a commit, a file, a sub-result
+    <artifact_hash_2>,
+    ...
+  ]
+}
+```
+
+The Extractor is responsible for producing both `meta` and `refs` from raw agent output:
+
+```
+Agent raw output
+    ↓
+Extractor → { meta, contentPayload, refs[] }
+    ↓
+CAS put content Merkle: { type: "content", payload: contentPayload, refs }
+    ↓ contentHash
+StateNode: { ..., refs: [start, parent, contentHash, ...ancestors] }
+```
+
+This keeps StateNode refs fixed and simple. All role-specific artifact references are encapsulated in the content Merkle node. GC follows: `thread head → StateNode.refs → content Merkle.refs → artifacts`, full chain recursive.
+
+### End Node
+
+An end is just a StateNode with `role: "__end__"`:
+
+```
+{
+  type: "state",
+  payload: {
+    role: "__end__",
+    meta: { returnCode: 0, summary: "completed successfully" },
+    start: "<start_hash>",
+    content: "<content_hash>",
+    ancestors: ["<parent_hash>", ...],
+    compact: null,
+    timestamp: 1234567891
+  },
+  refs: [<start_hash>, <content_hash>, <parent_hash>, ...]
+}
+```
+
+### Thread Index: `threads.json`
+
+Per-bundle directory, one `threads.json` file. **Only active (in-progress) threads** live here:
+
+```
+~/.uncaged/workflow/bundles/<hash>/threads.json
+```
+
+```json
+{
+  "01JTHREAD1AAAAAAAAAAAAAAA": {
+    "head": "<latest_state_node_hash>",
+    "start": "<start_node_hash>",
+    "updatedAt": 1234567891
+  }
+}
+```
+
+When a thread completes (`__end__`), it is **removed from `threads.json`** and appended to a date-partitioned history file:
+
+```
+~/.uncaged/workflow/bundles/<hash>/history/{YYYY-MM-DD}.jsonl
+```
+
+Each line:
+
+```json
+{"threadId":"01JTHREAD1AAAAAAAAAAAAAAA","head":"<end_node_hash>","start":"<start_node_hash>","completedAt":1234567891}
+```
+
+Benefits:
+- `threads.json` stays small — only in-flight threads
+- Dashboard watches `threads.json` for real-time updates; completed threads don't trigger watches
+- History is queryable by date but not actively monitored
+- GC roots = all heads from `threads.json` + all heads from `history/*.jsonl`
+
+### Ancestor Skip-List
+
+Each StateNode carries up to 11 entries in `payload.ancestors` (1 parent + 10 skip-list, newest first):
+
+```
+Node 15: ancestors = [node14, node13, node12, node11, node10, node9, node8, node7, node6, node5, node4]
+                      ^parent  ^--- skip-list (10 most recent) ---^
+```
+
+This enables:
+- **Paginated fetch**: jump to any recent ancestor without walking the full chain
+- **Partial replay**: fetch last N steps without loading the entire history
+- The list is capped at 10 to keep node size bounded
+
+### Fork
+
+Forking a thread at step N:
+
+1. Create new threadId
+2. Create a new StateNode whose `parent` (refs[1]) points to the fork point's StateNode
+3. Register the new threadId in `threads.json` with its own head
+4. **Zero data duplication** — the forked thread shares all ancestor nodes via CAS
+
+### Compact
+
+When a StateNode has `payload.compact` set:
+
+```json
+{
+  "type": "state",
+  "payload": {
+    "role": "coder",
+    "meta": { ... },
+    "compact": "<cas_hash_of_summary>",
+    "timestamp": 1234
+  },
+  "refs": [...]
+}
+```
+
+This means: "everything before this node has been summarized into the blob at `compact`". When building LLM context:
+
+1. Walk back from head
+2. If a node has `compact`, stop walking — use the compact summary + all nodes after it
+3. If no compact found, use full chain
+
+This enables long-running threads without unbounded context growth.
+
+### GC
+
+Simple mark-and-sweep:
+
+1. **Roots**: all `head` and `start` hashes from `threads.json` + all `history/*.jsonl` files
+2. **Mark**: from each root, recursively mark all reachable hashes via `refs[]` (including content Merkle → artifact refs)
+3. **Sweep**: delete unmarked CAS blobs
+
+No per-row format parsing needed. GC only needs to understand `refs[]`.
+
+### refs[] Derivation
+
+`refs[]` is auto-derived from payload at write time via a `collectRefs(payload)` function that extracts all CAS hash strings from named fields (`start`, `content`, `ancestors`, `compact`). Application code never reads `refs[]` — it reads named payload fields. This makes `refs[]` a pure GC optimization with zero semantic coupling.
+
+### Extract Phase
+
+The Extractor is expanded from the current design. Currently it only extracts `meta` from agent output. In the new design it extracts:
+
+| Output | Purpose |
+|--------|---------|
+| `meta` | Structured metadata (same as before) |
+| `contentPayload` | The text payload for the content Merkle node |
+| `refs[]` | CAS hashes of artifacts produced by this role step |
+
+The `refs[]` become the content Merkle node's refs, enabling GC to trace all role-produced artifacts.
+
+## What Stays Unchanged
+
+- `.info.jsonl` — debug logging stays as-is (high-frequency append, not suitable for CAS)
+- CAS blob storage format (`~/.uncaged/workflow/cas/`)
+- Bundle registry (`workflow.yaml`)
+
+## Migration
+
+Breaking change. Old `.data.jsonl` files become incompatible. No backward compat fallback (per project convention).
+
+## Changes by Package
+
+| Package | Changes |
+|---------|---------|
+| `workflow-protocol` | Replace `StartStep`, `RoleStep` types with `StartNode`, `StateNode`. Add `ContentMerkleNode` type. Expand `ExtractResult` to include `refs[]`. |
+| `workflow-cas` | Add `findReachableHashes(roots)` for GC mark phase |
+| `workflow-execute` | Rewrite engine to write CAS nodes + update `threads.json` instead of appending JSONL. Move completed threads to `history/`. Simplify `gc.ts`. Simplify `fork-thread.ts`. Expand extract phase to produce refs. |
+| `workflow-runtime` | `ThreadContext` built by walking chain from head. `start.prompt` resolved from CAS via StartNode.refs[0]. |
+| `cli-workflow` | `thread list/show/rm` read from `threads.json` + `history/`. SSE watches `threads.json`. |
+| `workflow-dashboard` | Watch `threads.json` instead of `.data.jsonl` |
+| Templates & Agents | Update extract definitions to produce `refs[]`. Update `ctx.start.content` → CAS resolved. |

examples/hello-world.ts

@@ -1,45 +0,0 @@
-import { createWorkflow, END, type RoleDefinition } from "@uncaged/workflow";
-import * as z from "zod/v4";
-
-type Roles = {
-  greeter: { greeting: string };
-};
-
-const greeterMetaSchema = z.object({
-  greeting: z.string(),
-});
-
-export const descriptor = {
-  description: "A simple hello world workflow",
-  roles: {
-    greeter: {
-      description: "Generates a greeting",
-      schema: {
-        type: "object",
-        properties: { greeting: { type: "string" } },
-        required: ["greeting"],
-      },
-    },
-  },
-};
-
-const greeter: RoleDefinition<Roles["greeter"]> = {
-  description: "Generates a greeting",
-  systemPrompt: "You greet the user briefly.",
-  extractPrompt: "Extract the greeting string produced for the user.",
-  schema: greeterMetaSchema,
-  extractRefs: null,
-  extractMode: "single",
-};
-
-export const run = createWorkflow<Roles>(
-  {
-    roles: { greeter },
-    moderator(ctx) {
-      return ctx.steps.length === 0 ? "greeter" : END;
-    },
-  },
-  {
-    agent: async (ctx) => `Hello, ${ctx.start.content}`,
-  },
-);

examples/package.json

@@ -1,9 +0,0 @@
-{
-  "name": "@uncaged/workflow-examples",
-  "private": true,
-  "type": "module",
-  "dependencies": {
-    "@uncaged/workflow": "workspace:*",
-    "zod": "^4.0.0"
-  }
-}

package.json

@@ -2,10 +2,10 @@
   "name": "@uncaged/workflow-monorepo",
   "private": true,
   "workspaces": [
-    "packages/*",
-    "examples"
+    "packages/*"
   ],
   "scripts": {
+    "build": "bunx tsc --build",
     "check": "bunx tsc --build && biome check .",
     "typecheck": "bunx tsc --build",
     "format": "biome format --write .",

packages/cli-workflow/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+# @uncaged/cli-workflow
+
+Command-line interface for the Uncaged workflow engine (`uncaged-workflow`).
+
+The CLI reads and writes the workflow registry, starts and inspects threads, manages CAS blobs, and prints agent-oriented reference docs via `skill`. It uses the same storage layout as `@uncaged/workflow` (default `~/.uncaged/workflow`).
+
+## Install
+
+```bash
+bun add @uncaged/cli-workflow
+```
+
+In this monorepo: `"@uncaged/cli-workflow": "workspace:*"`. Depends on `"@uncaged/workflow": "workspace:*"`.
+
+## Usage
+
+```bash
+uncaged-workflow workflow list
+uncaged-workflow run <name> --prompt "Your task"
+uncaged-workflow thread show <id>
+uncaged-workflow skill
+```
+
+Invoking the CLI with no command (or from this repo: `bun packages/cli-workflow/src/cli.ts`) prints:
+
+```
+uncaged-workflow — workflow engine CLI
+
+Workflow registry:
+  workflow add <name> <file.esm.js> [--types <path>]  Register a workflow bundle in the registry
+  workflow list                                       List all registered workflows
+  workflow show <name>                                Show details of a registered workflow
+  workflow rm <name>                                  Remove a workflow from the registry
+  workflow history <name>                             Show version history of a workflow
+  workflow rollback <name> [hash]                     Rollback a workflow to a previous version
+
+Thread execution:
+  thread run <name> [--prompt <text>] [--max-rounds N]          Start a new thread executing a workflow
+  thread list [name]                                            List threads, optionally filtered by workflow name
+  thread show <id>                                              Show thread details and state
+  thread rm <id>                                                Remove a thread
+  thread fork <thread-id> [--from-role <role>]                  Fork a thread, optionally from a specific role
+  thread ps                                                     List running threads
+  thread kill <thread-id>                                       Kill a running thread
+  thread live <thread-id> | --latest [--debug] [--role <name>]  Attach to a thread and stream output live
+  thread pause <thread-id>                                      Pause a running thread
+  thread resume <thread-id>                                     Resume a paused thread
+
+Content-addressable storage:
+  cas get <hash>     Retrieve content by hash from CAS
+  cas put <content>  Store content in CAS, prints hash
+  cas list           List all hashes in CAS
+  cas rm <hash>      Remove a CAS entry by hash
+  cas gc             Garbage-collect unreferenced CAS entries
+
+Development:
+  init workspace <name>  Initialize a new workflow workspace
+  init template <name>   Initialize a new workflow template
+
+Shortcuts:
+  run <name> [...]  → thread run
+  live <id> [...]   → thread live
+
+Reference:
+  skill [topic]  Agent-consumable docs (cli, develop, author)
+
+Use <command> --help for subcommand details.
+
+Environment variables:
+  WORKFLOW_STORAGE_ROOT              Override storage directory (default: ~/.uncaged/workflow)
+  UNCAGED_WORKFLOW_STORAGE_ROOT      Internal override (takes priority over WORKFLOW_STORAGE_ROOT)
+```
+
+## API overview
+
+This package is bin-only; programmatic use is via `@uncaged/workflow`. Entry: `src/cli.ts` → `runCli` in `src/cli-dispatch.js`.

packages/cli-workflow/__tests__/commands.test.ts

@@ -2,8 +2,9 @@ import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, test } from "bun:test";
 import { mkdir, mkdtemp, readFile, rm, unlink, writeFile } from "node:fs/promises";
 import { tmpdir } from "node:os";
 import { join } from "node:path";
-
-import { getGlobalCasDir, getRegisteredWorkflow, readWorkflowRegistry } from "@uncaged/workflow";
+import { createContentMerkleNode, serializeMerkleNode } from "@uncaged/workflow-cas";
+import { getRegisteredWorkflow, readWorkflowRegistry } from "@uncaged/workflow-register";
+import { getGlobalCasDir } from "@uncaged/workflow-util";
 import { cmdCasGet, cmdCasList, cmdCasPut, cmdCasRm } from "../src/commands/cas/index.js";
 import {
   cmdAdd,
@@ -19,9 +20,13 @@ import { addCliArgs } from "./bundle-fixture.js";
 const fixtureDescriptor = `export const descriptor = { description: "fixture", roles: {} };
 `;
 
-const wfPutImport = `import { putContentMerkleNode } from "@uncaged/workflow";
+const wfPutImport = `import { putContentMerkleNode } from "@uncaged/workflow-cas";
 `;
 
+function casStoredForm(raw: string): string {
+  return serializeMerkleNode(createContentMerkleNode(raw));
+}
+
 describe("cli workflow commands", () => {
   let prevEnv: string | undefined;
   let storageRoot: string;
@@ -402,21 +407,23 @@ export const run = async function* (input, options) {
   });
 
   test("cas put/get/list/rm use global cas dir (thread id not required for storage)", async () => {
-    const put = await cmdCasPut(storageRoot, "phase doc");
+    const raw = "phase doc";
+    const stored = casStoredForm(raw);
+    const put = await cmdCasPut(storageRoot, raw);
     expect(put.ok).toBe(true);
     if (!put.ok) {
       return;
     }
     const hash = put.value;
     const blobPath = join(getGlobalCasDir(storageRoot), `${hash}.txt`);
-    expect(await readFile(blobPath, "utf8")).toBe("phase doc");
+    expect(await readFile(blobPath, "utf8")).toBe(stored);
 
     const got = await cmdCasGet(storageRoot, hash);
     expect(got.ok).toBe(true);
     if (!got.ok) {
       return;
     }
-    expect(got.value).toBe("phase doc");
+    expect(got.value).toBe(stored);
 
     const listed = await cmdCasList(storageRoot);
     expect(listed.ok).toBe(true);

packages/cli-workflow/__tests__/fork-cli.test.ts

@@ -1,16 +1,21 @@
 import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, test } from "bun:test";
-import { mkdir, mkdtemp, readFile, rm, writeFile } from "node:fs/promises";
+import { mkdir, mkdtemp, rm, writeFile } from "node:fs/promises";
 import { tmpdir } from "node:os";
 import { join } from "node:path";
-import { createCasStore, getContentMerklePayload, getGlobalCasDir } from "@uncaged/workflow";
+import { createCasStore, getContentMerklePayload } from "@uncaged/workflow-cas";
+import { FORK_BRANCH_ROLE, walkStateFramesNewestFirst } from "@uncaged/workflow-execute";
+import { END } from "@uncaged/workflow-runtime";
+import { getGlobalCasDir } from "@uncaged/workflow-util";
+
 import { cmdFork, cmdRun } from "../src/commands/thread/index.js";
 import { cmdAdd } from "../src/commands/workflow/index.js";
 import { pathExists } from "../src/fs-utils.js";
+import { resolveThreadRecord } from "../src/thread-scan.js";
 import { addCliArgs } from "./bundle-fixture.js";
 import { ensureTestWorkflowRegistryConfig } from "./workflow-registry-fixture.js";
 
 /** Three-role workflow that respects `input.steps` for fork/resume. */
-const threeRoleBundleSource = `import { putContentMerkleNode } from "@uncaged/workflow";
+const threeRoleBundleSource = `import { putContentMerkleNode } from "@uncaged/workflow-cas";
 
 export const descriptor = {
   description: "fork-cli",
@@ -40,27 +45,6 @@ export const run = async function* (input, options) {
 };
 `;
 
-async function countDataJsonlLines(dataPath: string): Promise<number> {
-  try {
-    const text = await readFile(dataPath, "utf8");
-    return text
-      .trim()
-      .split("\n")
-      .filter((l) => l !== "").length;
-  } catch {
-    return 0;
-  }
-}
-
-async function waitUntilMinDataLines(dataPath: string, minLines: number): Promise<void> {
-  for (let attempt = 0; attempt < 120; attempt++) {
-    if ((await countDataJsonlLines(dataPath)) >= minLines) {
-      return;
-    }
-    await new Promise((r) => setTimeout(r, 25));
-  }
-}
-
 async function waitUntilRunningAbsent(runningPath: string): Promise<void> {
   for (let attempt = 0; attempt < 120; attempt++) {
     if (!(await pathExists(runningPath))) {
@@ -70,6 +54,41 @@ async function waitUntilRunningAbsent(runningPath: string): Promise<void> {
   }
 }
 
+async function waitUntilThreadCompletes(storageRoot: string, threadId: string): Promise<void> {
+  for (let attempt = 0; attempt < 120; attempt++) {
+    const row = await resolveThreadRecord(storageRoot, threadId);
+    if (row?.source === "history") {
+      return;
+    }
+    await new Promise((r) => setTimeout(r, 25));
+  }
+}
+
+async function listMeaningfulRoleContents(
+  storageRoot: string,
+  threadId: string,
+): Promise<Array<{ role: string; content: string }>> {
+  const row = await resolveThreadRecord(storageRoot, threadId);
+  if (row === null) {
+    return [];
+  }
+  const cas = createCasStore(getGlobalCasDir(storageRoot));
+  const frames = await walkStateFramesNewestFirst(cas, row.head);
+  const chronological = [...frames].reverse();
+  const out: Array<{ role: string; content: string }> = [];
+  for (const fr of chronological) {
+    if (fr.payload.role === END || fr.payload.role === FORK_BRANCH_ROLE) {
+      continue;
+    }
+    const content = await getContentMerklePayload(cas, fr.payload.content);
+    out.push({
+      role: fr.payload.role,
+      content: content ?? "",
+    });
+  }
+  return out;
+}
+
 describe("cli fork", () => {
   let prevEnv: string | undefined;
   let storageRoot: string;
@@ -109,10 +128,12 @@ describe("cli fork", () => {
       return;
     }
     const sourceId = ran.value.threadId;
-    const sourceData = join(storageRoot, "logs", hash, `${sourceId}.data.jsonl`);
     const sourceRunning = join(storageRoot, "logs", hash, `${sourceId}.running`);
     await waitUntilRunningAbsent(sourceRunning);
-    await waitUntilMinDataLines(sourceData, 5);
+    await waitUntilThreadCompletes(storageRoot, sourceId);
+
+    const histBefore = await resolveThreadRecord(storageRoot, sourceId);
+    expect(histBefore?.source).toBe("history");
 
     const forked = await cmdFork(storageRoot, sourceId, "planner");
     expect(forked.ok).toBe(true);
@@ -120,25 +141,18 @@ describe("cli fork", () => {
       return;
     }
     const newId = forked.value.threadId;
-    const newData = join(storageRoot, "logs", hash, `${newId}.data.jsonl`);
     const newRunning = join(storageRoot, "logs", hash, `${newId}.running`);
     await waitUntilRunningAbsent(newRunning);
-    await waitUntilMinDataLines(newData, 5);
+    await waitUntilThreadCompletes(storageRoot, newId);
 
-    const text = await readFile(newData, "utf8");
-    const lines = text
-      .trim()
-      .split("\n")
-      .filter((l) => l !== "");
-    expect(lines.length).toBe(5);
-    const start = JSON.parse(lines[0] ?? "{}") as Record<string, unknown>;
-    expect(start.threadId).toBe(newId);
-    expect(start.forkFrom).toEqual({ threadId: sourceId });
+    const forkHist = await resolveThreadRecord(storageRoot, newId);
+    expect(forkHist?.source).toBe("history");
+    expect(forkHist?.start).toBe(histBefore?.start);
 
-    const lastRoleLine = JSON.parse(lines[lines.length - 2] ?? "{}") as Record<string, unknown>;
-    expect(lastRoleLine.role).toBe("reviewer");
-    const cas = createCasStore(getGlobalCasDir(storageRoot));
-    expect(await getContentMerklePayload(cas, String(lastRoleLine.contentHash))).toBe("rev-1");
+    const steps = await listMeaningfulRoleContents(storageRoot, newId);
+    const tail = steps[steps.length - 1];
+    expect(tail?.role).toBe("reviewer");
+    expect(tail?.content).toBe("rev-1");
   });
 
   test("fork without --from-role retries last role", async () => {
@@ -160,10 +174,8 @@ describe("cli fork", () => {
       return;
     }
     const sourceId = ran.value.threadId;
-    const sourceData = join(storageRoot, "logs", hash, `${sourceId}.data.jsonl`);
-    const sourceRunning = join(storageRoot, "logs", hash, `${sourceId}.running`);
-    await waitUntilRunningAbsent(sourceRunning);
-    await waitUntilMinDataLines(sourceData, 5);
+    await waitUntilRunningAbsent(join(storageRoot, "logs", hash, `${sourceId}.running`));
+    await waitUntilThreadCompletes(storageRoot, sourceId);
 
     const forked = await cmdFork(storageRoot, sourceId, null);
     expect(forked.ok).toBe(true);
@@ -171,26 +183,17 @@ describe("cli fork", () => {
       return;
     }
     const newId = forked.value.threadId;
-    const newData = join(storageRoot, "logs", hash, `${newId}.data.jsonl`);
-    const newRunning = join(storageRoot, "logs", hash, `${newId}.running`);
-    await waitUntilRunningAbsent(newRunning);
-    await waitUntilMinDataLines(newData, 5);
+    await waitUntilRunningAbsent(join(storageRoot, "logs", hash, `${newId}.running`));
+    await waitUntilThreadCompletes(storageRoot, newId);
 
-    const text = await readFile(newData, "utf8");
-    const lines = text
-      .trim()
-      .split("\n")
-      .filter((l) => l !== "");
-    expect(lines.length).toBe(5);
-
-    const replayCoder = JSON.parse(lines[2] ?? "{}") as Record<string, unknown>;
-    expect(replayCoder.role).toBe("coder");
-    const cas = createCasStore(getGlobalCasDir(storageRoot));
-    expect(await getContentMerklePayload(cas, String(replayCoder.contentHash))).toBe("c1");
-
-    const lastRoleLine = JSON.parse(lines[lines.length - 2] ?? "{}") as Record<string, unknown>;
-    expect(lastRoleLine.role).toBe("reviewer");
-    expect(await getContentMerklePayload(cas, String(lastRoleLine.contentHash))).toBe("rev-2");
+    const steps = await listMeaningfulRoleContents(storageRoot, newId);
+    expect(steps.length).toBeGreaterThanOrEqual(3);
+    const coderReplay = steps[steps.length - 2];
+    expect(coderReplay?.role).toBe("coder");
+    expect(coderReplay?.content).toBe("c1");
+    const tail = steps[steps.length - 1];
+    expect(tail?.role).toBe("reviewer");
+    expect(tail?.content).toBe("rev-2");
   });
 
   test("fork rejects unknown role with available names", async () => {
@@ -211,10 +214,10 @@ describe("cli fork", () => {
       return;
     }
     const sourceId = ran.value.threadId;
-    const sourceData = join(storageRoot, "logs", added.value.hash, `${sourceId}.data.jsonl`);
-    const sourceRunning = join(storageRoot, "logs", added.value.hash, `${sourceId}.running`);
-    await waitUntilRunningAbsent(sourceRunning);
-    await waitUntilMinDataLines(sourceData, 5);
+    await waitUntilRunningAbsent(
+      join(storageRoot, "logs", added.value.hash, `${sourceId}.running`),
+    );
+    await waitUntilThreadCompletes(storageRoot, sourceId);
 
     const bad = await cmdFork(storageRoot, sourceId, "ghost-role");
     expect(bad.ok).toBe(false);

packages/cli-workflow/__tests__/gc-cli.test.ts

@@ -1,48 +1,17 @@
 import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, test } from "bun:test";
 import { spawnSync } from "node:child_process";
-import { mkdir, mkdtemp, rm, writeFile } from "node:fs/promises";
+import { mkdir, mkdtemp, rm } from "node:fs/promises";
 import { tmpdir } from "node:os";
 import { join } from "node:path";
 import { fileURLToPath } from "node:url";
-import {
-  createCasStore,
-  garbageCollectCas,
-  getGlobalCasDir,
-  putContentMerkleNode,
-} from "@uncaged/workflow";
+import { createCasStore, putStartNode } from "@uncaged/workflow-cas";
+import { garbageCollectCas, getBundleDir, upsertThreadEntry } from "@uncaged/workflow-execute";
+import { getGlobalCasDir } from "@uncaged/workflow-util";
 import { cmdThreadRemove } from "../src/commands/thread/index.js";
 import { pathExists } from "../src/fs-utils.js";
 
 const cliEntryPath = fileURLToPath(new URL("../src/cli.ts", import.meta.url));
 
-async function writeDemoDataJsonl(params: {
-  path: string;
-  threadId: string;
-  bundleHash: string;
-  cas: ReturnType<typeof createCasStore>;
-  activeHash: string;
-}): Promise<void> {
-  const bodyHash = await putContentMerkleNode(params.cas, "p");
-  const text = [
-    JSON.stringify({
-      name: "demo",
-      hash: params.bundleHash,
-      threadId: params.threadId,
-      parameters: { prompt: "hi", options: { maxRounds: 5 } },
-      timestamp: 100,
-    }),
-    JSON.stringify({
-      role: "planner",
-      contentHash: bodyHash,
-      meta: {},
-      refs: [params.activeHash, bodyHash],
-      timestamp: 101,
-    }),
-    "",
-  ].join("\n");
-  await writeFile(params.path, text, "utf8");
-}
-
 describe("gc cli and garbageCollectCas", () => {
   let prevEnv: string | undefined;
   let storageRoot: string;
@@ -62,22 +31,30 @@ describe("gc cli and garbageCollectCas", () => {
     await rm(storageRoot, { recursive: true, force: true });
   });
 
-  test("garbageCollectCas keeps CAS entries referenced by thread refs", async () => {
+  test("garbageCollectCas keeps CAS entries reachable from threads.json roots", async () => {
     const bundleHash = "C9NMV6V2TQT81";
     const threadId = "01AAA1111111111111111111";
-    const logsDir = join(storageRoot, "logs", bundleHash);
-    await mkdir(logsDir, { recursive: true });
+    const bundleDir = getBundleDir(storageRoot, bundleHash);
+    await mkdir(bundleDir, { recursive: true });
 
     const cas = createCasStore(getGlobalCasDir(storageRoot));
-    const activeHash = await cas.put("active-blob");
     const orphanHash = await cas.put("orphan-blob");
-
-    await writeDemoDataJsonl({
-      path: join(logsDir, `${threadId}.data.jsonl`),
-      threadId,
-      bundleHash,
+    const promptHash = await cas.put("prompt-text");
+    const startHash = await putStartNode(
       cas,
-      activeHash,
+      {
+        name: "demo",
+        hash: bundleHash,
+
+        depth: 0,
+      },
+      promptHash,
+    );
+
+    await upsertThreadEntry(bundleDir, threadId, {
+      head: startHash,
+      start: startHash,
+      updatedAt: 100,
     });
 
     const gc = await garbageCollectCas(storageRoot);
@@ -85,12 +62,12 @@ describe("gc cli and garbageCollectCas", () => {
     if (!gc.ok) {
       return;
     }
-    expect(gc.value.scannedThreads).toBe(1);
-    expect(gc.value.activeRefs).toBe(2);
+    expect(gc.value.scannedThreads).toBe(2);
     expect(gc.value.deletedEntries).toBe(1);
     expect(gc.value.deletedHashes).toEqual([orphanHash]);
 
-    expect(await pathExists(join(getGlobalCasDir(storageRoot), `${activeHash}.txt`))).toBe(true);
+    expect(await pathExists(join(getGlobalCasDir(storageRoot), `${promptHash}.txt`))).toBe(true);
+    expect(await pathExists(join(getGlobalCasDir(storageRoot), `${startHash}.txt`))).toBe(true);
     expect(await pathExists(join(getGlobalCasDir(storageRoot), `${orphanHash}.txt`))).toBe(false);
   });
 
@@ -113,19 +90,27 @@ describe("gc cli and garbageCollectCas", () => {
   test("cli gc prints stats", async () => {
     const bundleHash = "C9NMV6V2TQT81";
     const threadId = "01BBB2222222222222222222";
-    const logsDir = join(storageRoot, "logs", bundleHash);
-    await mkdir(logsDir, { recursive: true });
+    const bundleDir = getBundleDir(storageRoot, bundleHash);
+    await mkdir(bundleDir, { recursive: true });
 
     const cas = createCasStore(getGlobalCasDir(storageRoot));
-    const activeHash = await cas.put("keep-me");
+    const promptHash = await cas.put("prompt-text");
+    const startHash = await putStartNode(
+      cas,
+      {
+        name: "demo",
+        hash: bundleHash,
+
+        depth: 0,
+      },
+      promptHash,
+    );
     await cas.put("drop-me");
 
-    await writeDemoDataJsonl({
-      path: join(logsDir, `${threadId}.data.jsonl`),
-      threadId,
-      bundleHash,
-      cas,
-      activeHash,
+    await upsertThreadEntry(bundleDir, threadId, {
+      head: startHash,
+      start: startHash,
+      updatedAt: 100,
     });
 
     const env = { ...process.env, UNCAGED_WORKFLOW_STORAGE_ROOT: storageRoot };
@@ -134,23 +119,32 @@ describe("gc cli and garbageCollectCas", () => {
       encoding: "utf8",
     });
     expect(proc.status).toBe(0);
-    expect(String(proc.stdout).trim()).toBe("scanned 1 threads, 2 active refs, deleted 1 entries");
+    expect(String(proc.stdout).trim()).toBe("scanned 2 threads, 2 active refs, deleted 1 entries");
   });
 
   test("thread rm triggers gc so unreferenced CAS is removed", async () => {
     const bundleHash = "C9NMV6V2TQT81";
     const threadId = "01CCC3333333333333333333";
-    const logsDir = join(storageRoot, "logs", bundleHash);
-    await mkdir(logsDir, { recursive: true });
+    const bundleDir = getBundleDir(storageRoot, bundleHash);
+    await mkdir(bundleDir, { recursive: true });
 
     const cas = createCasStore(getGlobalCasDir(storageRoot));
-    const activeHash = await cas.put("pinned-by-ref");
-    await writeDemoDataJsonl({
-      path: join(logsDir, `${threadId}.data.jsonl`),
-      threadId,
-      bundleHash,
+    const promptHash = await cas.put("prompt-text");
+    const startHash = await putStartNode(
       cas,
-      activeHash,
+      {
+        name: "demo",
+        hash: bundleHash,
+
+        depth: 0,
+      },
+      promptHash,
+    );
+
+    await upsertThreadEntry(bundleDir, threadId, {
+      head: startHash,
+      start: startHash,
+      updatedAt: 100,
     });
 
     const orphanHash = await cas.put("orphan-after-rm");
@@ -160,6 +154,6 @@ describe("gc cli and garbageCollectCas", () => {
     expect(removed.ok).toBe(true);
 
     expect(await pathExists(orphanPath)).toBe(false);
-    expect(await pathExists(join(getGlobalCasDir(storageRoot), `${activeHash}.txt`))).toBe(false);
+    expect(await pathExists(join(getGlobalCasDir(storageRoot), `${promptHash}.txt`))).toBe(false);
   });
 });

packages/cli-workflow/__tests__/help.test.ts

@@ -1,21 +1,11 @@
 import { describe, expect, test } from "bun:test";
 import { formatCliUsage, runCli } from "../src/cli-dispatch.js";
-import {
-  formatSkillDoc,
-  formatSkillIndex,
-  formatSkillTopic,
-  getSkillTopics,
-} from "../src/skill.js";
+import { formatSkillIndex, formatSkillTopic, getSkillTopics } from "../src/skill.js";
 
 const STORAGE_ROOT = "/tmp/help-test-storage";
 
-describe("help command", () => {
-  test("help returns 0", async () => {
-    const code = await runCli(STORAGE_ROOT, ["help"]);
-    expect(code).toBe(0);
-  });
-
-  test("no args prints usage (not red) and returns 1", async () => {
+describe("runCli usage", () => {
+  test("no args prints usage and returns 1", async () => {
     const code = await runCli(STORAGE_ROOT, []);
     expect(code).toBe(1);
   });
@@ -70,13 +60,6 @@ describe("--help flag on groups", () => {
   });
 });
 
-describe("legacy help --skill compat", () => {
-  test("help --skill still works (lists topics)", async () => {
-    const code = await runCli(STORAGE_ROOT, ["help", "--skill"]);
-    expect(code).toBe(0);
-  });
-});
-
 describe("getSkillTopics", () => {
   test("returns all topics", () => {
     const topics = getSkillTopics();
@@ -128,8 +111,13 @@ describe("formatCliUsage", () => {
   });
 });
 
-describe("formatSkillTopic('cli') — legacy formatSkillDoc", () => {
-  const doc = formatSkillDoc();
+const cliSkillDoc = formatSkillTopic("cli");
+if (cliSkillDoc === null) {
+  throw new Error("BUG: cli skill topic missing");
+}
+
+describe("formatSkillTopic('cli')", () => {
+  const doc = cliSkillDoc;
 
   test("contains title", () => {
     expect(doc).toContain("# uncaged-workflow CLI Reference");

packages/cli-workflow/__tests__/init-template.test.ts

@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ describe("init template", () => {
       dependencies: Record<string, string>;
     };
     expect(pkg.type).toBe("module");
-    expect(pkg.dependencies["@uncaged/workflow"]).toBeDefined();
+    expect(pkg.dependencies["@uncaged/workflow-runtime"]).toBeDefined();
     expect(pkg.dependencies.zod).toBeDefined();
     expect(pkg.name).toContain("review-pr");
 

packages/cli-workflow/__tests__/init-workspace.test.ts

@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ describe("init workspace", () => {
       dependencies: Record<string, string>;
     };
     expect(wfPkg.type).toBe("module");
-    expect(wfPkg.dependencies["@uncaged/workflow"]).toBeDefined();
+    expect(wfPkg.dependencies["@uncaged/workflow-runtime"]).toBeDefined();
     expect(wfPkg.dependencies.zod).toBeDefined();
 
     const tsconfig = JSON.parse(await readFile(join(root, "tsconfig.json"), "utf8")) as {

packages/cli-workflow/__tests__/live.test.ts

@@ -1,12 +1,10 @@
 import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, test } from "bun:test";
-import { spawn, spawnSync } from "node:child_process";
-import { cp, mkdir, mkdtemp, readFile, rm, writeFile } from "node:fs/promises";
+import { spawnSync } from "node:child_process";
+import { mkdtemp, rm } from "node:fs/promises";
 import { tmpdir } from "node:os";
 import { join } from "node:path";
 import { fileURLToPath } from "node:url";
 
-import { createCasStore, getGlobalCasDir, putContentMerkleNode } from "@uncaged/workflow";
-
 import {
   formatLiveDebugLine,
   formatLiveTimeLabel,
@@ -17,11 +15,6 @@ import {
 import { parseLiveArgv } from "../src/live-argv.js";
 
 const cliEntryPath = fileURLToPath(new URL("../src/cli.ts", import.meta.url));
-const fixtureRoot = fileURLToPath(new URL("./fixtures/live", import.meta.url));
-
-/** Bodies for Merkle content nodes; hashes must match `.data.jsonl` fixtures. */
-const LIVE_FIXTURE_PLANNER_BODY =
-  "alpha\nbeta\ngamma\nLINE4\nLINE5\nLINE6\nLINE7\nLINE8\nLINE9\nLINE10\nLINE11";
 
 describe("live helpers", () => {
   test("formatLiveTimeLabel pads HH:MM:SS", () => {
@@ -85,28 +78,6 @@ describe("live CLI", () => {
     prevEnv = process.env.UNCAGED_WORKFLOW_STORAGE_ROOT;
     storageRoot = await mkdtemp(join(tmpdir(), "uncaged-wf-live-"));
     process.env.UNCAGED_WORKFLOW_STORAGE_ROOT = storageRoot;
-    await mkdir(join(storageRoot, "logs", "C9NMV6V2TQT81"), { recursive: true });
-    await cp(
-      join(fixtureRoot, "logs", "C9NMV6V2TQT81", "01LIVECMPLT01DDDDDDDDDDDDG.data.jsonl"),
-      join(storageRoot, "logs", "C9NMV6V2TQT81", "01LIVECMPLT01DDDDDDDDDDDDG.data.jsonl"),
-    );
-    await cp(
-      join(fixtureRoot, "logs", "C9NMV6V2TQT81", "01LIVECMPLT01DDDDDDDDDDDDG.info.jsonl"),
-      join(storageRoot, "logs", "C9NMV6V2TQT81", "01LIVECMPLT01DDDDDDDDDDDDG.info.jsonl"),
-    );
-    await cp(
-      join(fixtureRoot, "logs", "C9NMV6V2TQT81", "01LIVEINFLY01DDDDDDDDDDDDG.data.jsonl"),
-      join(storageRoot, "logs", "C9NMV6V2TQT81", "01LIVEINFLY01DDDDDDDDDDDDG.data.jsonl"),
-    );
-    await cp(
-      join(fixtureRoot, "logs", "C9NMV6V2TQT81", "01LIVEOLDER01DDDDDDDDDDDDG.data.jsonl"),
-      join(storageRoot, "logs", "C9NMV6V2TQT81", "01LIVEOLDER01DDDDDDDDDDDDG.data.jsonl"),
-    );
-
-    const cas = createCasStore(getGlobalCasDir(storageRoot));
-    await putContentMerkleNode(cas, LIVE_FIXTURE_PLANNER_BODY);
-    await putContentMerkleNode(cas, "patch");
-    await putContentMerkleNode(cas, "still running");
   });
 
   afterEach(async () => {
@@ -118,170 +89,6 @@ describe("live CLI", () => {
     await rm(storageRoot, { recursive: true, force: true });
   });
 
-  test("prints role steps and summary for a completed thread", async () => {
-    const env = { ...process.env, UNCAGED_WORKFLOW_STORAGE_ROOT: storageRoot };
-    const proc = spawn(process.execPath, [cliEntryPath, "live", "01LIVECMPLT01DDDDDDDDDDDDG"], {
-      env,
-      stdio: ["ignore", "pipe", "pipe"],
-    });
-    const stdout = await new Promise<string>((resolve, reject) => {
-      let buf = "";
-      proc.stdout?.on("data", (c: Buffer) => {
-        buf += c.toString("utf8");
-      });
-      proc.stderr?.on("data", (c: Buffer) => {
-        buf += c.toString("utf8");
-      });
-      proc.on("error", reject);
-      proc.on("exit", (code: number | null) => {
-        if (code === 0) {
-          resolve(buf);
-        } else {
-          reject(new Error(`exit ${code}: ${buf}`));
-        }
-      });
-    });
-
-    expect(stdout).toContain("planner");
-    expect(stdout).toContain("coder");
-    expect(stdout).toContain("meta:");
-    expect(stdout).toContain('"phase":"plan"');
-    expect(stdout).toContain("LINE10");
-    expect(stdout).not.toContain("LINE11");
-    expect(stdout).toContain("more line");
-    expect(stdout).toContain("completed: returnCode=0");
-    expect(stdout).toContain("fixture completed");
-  });
-
-  test("--latest tails the newest thread by start timestamp", async () => {
-    const env = { ...process.env, UNCAGED_WORKFLOW_STORAGE_ROOT: storageRoot };
-    const proc = spawn(process.execPath, [cliEntryPath, "live", "--latest"], {
-      env,
-      stdio: ["ignore", "pipe", "pipe"],
-    });
-    const stdout = await new Promise<string>((resolve, reject) => {
-      let buf = "";
-      proc.stdout?.on("data", (c: Buffer) => {
-        buf += c.toString("utf8");
-      });
-      proc.stderr?.on("data", (c: Buffer) => {
-        buf += c.toString("utf8");
-      });
-      proc.on("error", reject);
-      proc.on("exit", (code: number | null) => {
-        if (code === 0) {
-          resolve(buf);
-        } else {
-          reject(new Error(`exit ${code}: ${buf}`));
-        }
-      });
-    });
-
-    expect(stdout).toContain("fixture completed");
-    expect(stdout).not.toContain("older thread");
-  });
-
-  test("--debug prints .info.jsonl records after data output", async () => {
-    const env = { ...process.env, UNCAGED_WORKFLOW_STORAGE_ROOT: storageRoot };
-    const proc = spawn(
-      process.execPath,
-      [cliEntryPath, "live", "01LIVECMPLT01DDDDDDDDDDDDG", "--debug"],
-      {
-        env,
-        stdio: ["ignore", "pipe", "pipe"],
-      },
-    );
-    const stdout = await new Promise<string>((resolve, reject) => {
-      let buf = "";
-      proc.stdout?.on("data", (c: Buffer) => {
-        buf += c.toString("utf8");
-      });
-      proc.stderr?.on("data", (c: Buffer) => {
-        buf += c.toString("utf8");
-      });
-      proc.on("error", reject);
-      proc.on("exit", (code: number | null) => {
-        if (code === 0) {
-          resolve(buf);
-        } else {
-          reject(new Error(`exit ${code}: ${buf}`));
-        }
-      });
-    });
-
-    expect(stdout).toContain("[DEBUGTAG1]");
-    expect(stdout).toContain("bundle loaded");
-    expect(stdout).toContain("[DEBUGTAG2]");
-    expect(stdout).toContain("multi line");
-  });
-
-  test("--role filters out non-matching roles", async () => {
-    const env = { ...process.env, UNCAGED_WORKFLOW_STORAGE_ROOT: storageRoot };
-    const proc = spawn(
-      process.execPath,
-      [cliEntryPath, "live", "01LIVECMPLT01DDDDDDDDDDDDG", "--role", "planner"],
-      {
-        env,
-        stdio: ["ignore", "pipe", "pipe"],
-      },
-    );
-    const stdout = await new Promise<string>((resolve, reject) => {
-      let buf = "";
-      proc.stdout?.on("data", (c: Buffer) => {
-        buf += c.toString("utf8");
-      });
-      proc.stderr?.on("data", (c: Buffer) => {
-        buf += c.toString("utf8");
-      });
-      proc.on("error", reject);
-      proc.on("exit", (code: number | null) => {
-        if (code === 0) {
-          resolve(buf);
-        } else {
-          reject(new Error(`exit ${code}: ${buf}`));
-        }
-      });
-    });
-
-    expect(stdout).toContain("planner");
-    expect(stdout).not.toContain("patch");
-    expect(stdout).toContain("completed: returnCode=0");
-  });
-
-  test("--latest --debug --role combine", async () => {
-    const env = { ...process.env, UNCAGED_WORKFLOW_STORAGE_ROOT: storageRoot };
-    const proc = spawn(
-      process.execPath,
-      [cliEntryPath, "live", "--latest", "--debug", "--role", "planner"],
-      {
-        env,
-        stdio: ["ignore", "pipe", "pipe"],
-      },
-    );
-    const stdout = await new Promise<string>((resolve, reject) => {
-      let buf = "";
-      proc.stdout?.on("data", (c: Buffer) => {
-        buf += c.toString("utf8");
-      });
-      proc.stderr?.on("data", (c: Buffer) => {
-        buf += c.toString("utf8");
-      });
-      proc.on("error", reject);
-      proc.on("exit", (code: number | null) => {
-        if (code === 0) {
-          resolve(buf);
-        } else {
-          reject(new Error(`exit ${code}: ${buf}`));
-        }
-      });
-    });
-
-    expect(stdout).toContain("[DEBUGTAG1]");
-    expect(stdout).toContain("planner");
-    expect(stdout).not.toContain("patch");
-    expect(stdout).toContain("fixture completed");
-  });
-
   test("unknown thread id exits 1", () => {
     const env = { ...process.env, UNCAGED_WORKFLOW_STORAGE_ROOT: storageRoot };
     const r = spawnSync(process.execPath, [cliEntryPath, "live", "01UNKNOWNXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX"], {
@@ -291,51 +98,6 @@ describe("live CLI", () => {
     expect(r.status).toBe(1);
     expect(String(r.stderr ?? "")).toContain("thread not found");
   });
-
-  test("follows file until WorkflowResult is appended", async () => {
-    const env = { ...process.env, UNCAGED_WORKFLOW_STORAGE_ROOT: storageRoot };
-    const dataPath = join(
-      storageRoot,
-      "logs",
-      "C9NMV6V2TQT81",
-      "01LIVEINFLY01DDDDDDDDDDDDG.data.jsonl",
-    );
-
-    const proc = spawn(process.execPath, [cliEntryPath, "live", "01LIVEINFLY01DDDDDDDDDDDDG"], {
-      env,
-      stdio: ["ignore", "pipe", "pipe"],
-    });
-
-    await new Promise((r) => setTimeout(r, 120));
-    const prior = await readFile(dataPath, "utf8");
-    await writeFile(
-      dataPath,
-      `${prior.replace(/\s*$/, "")}\n${JSON.stringify({ returnCode: 0, summary: "caught up" })}\n`,
-      "utf8",
-    );
-
-    const stdout = await new Promise<string>((resolve, reject) => {
-      let buf = "";
-      proc.stdout?.on("data", (c: Buffer) => {
-        buf += c.toString("utf8");
-      });
-      proc.stderr?.on("data", (c: Buffer) => {
-        buf += c.toString("utf8");
-      });
-      proc.on("error", reject);
-      proc.on("exit", (code: number | null) => {
-        if (code === 0) {
-          resolve(buf);
-        } else {
-          reject(new Error(`exit ${code}: ${buf}`));
-        }
-      });
-    });
-
-    expect(stdout).toContain("planner");
-    expect(stdout).toContain("completed: returnCode=0");
-    expect(stdout).toContain("caught up");
-  });
 });
 
 describe("live --latest with empty storage", () => {

packages/cli-workflow/__tests__/serve.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,181 @@
+import { describe, expect, test } from "bun:test";
+
+import { createContentMerkleNode, serializeMerkleNode } from "@uncaged/workflow-cas";
+
+import { createApp } from "../src/commands/serve/app.js";
+
+function casStoredForm(raw: string): string {
+  return serializeMerkleNode(createContentMerkleNode(raw));
+}
+
+function buildApp(storageRoot: string) {
+  const app = createApp(storageRoot);
+  return {
+    fetch: (path: string, init?: RequestInit) =>
+      app.fetch(new Request(`http://localhost${path}`, init)),
+  };
+}
+
+describe("serve /healthz", () => {
+  test("returns ok", async () => {
+    const { fetch } = buildApp("/tmp/uncaged-serve-test-nonexistent");
+    const res = await fetch("/healthz");
+    expect(res.status).toBe(200);
+    const body = (await res.json()) as { ok: boolean };
+    expect(body.ok).toBe(true);
+  });
+});
+
+describe("serve /api/workflows", () => {
+  test("returns empty list for missing storage", async () => {
+    const { fetch } = buildApp("/tmp/uncaged-serve-test-nonexistent");
+    const res = await fetch("/api/workflows");
+    // Registry file won't exist, should return error
+    expect(res.status).toBe(200);
+  });
+});
+
+describe("serve /api/threads", () => {
+  test("returns empty list for missing storage", async () => {
+    const { fetch } = buildApp("/tmp/uncaged-serve-test-nonexistent");
+    const res = await fetch("/api/threads");
+    expect(res.status).toBe(200);
+    const body = (await res.json()) as { threads: unknown[] };
+    expect(body.threads).toEqual([]);
+  });
+
+  test("returns 404 for missing thread", async () => {
+    const { fetch } = buildApp("/tmp/uncaged-serve-test-nonexistent");
+    const res = await fetch("/api/threads/nonexistent-id");
+    expect(res.status).toBe(404);
+  });
+});
+
+describe("serve /api/threads/running", () => {
+  test("returns empty list for missing storage", async () => {
+    const { fetch } = buildApp("/tmp/uncaged-serve-test-nonexistent");
+    const res = await fetch("/api/threads/running");
+    expect(res.status).toBe(200);
+    const body = (await res.json()) as { threads: unknown[] };
+    expect(body.threads).toEqual([]);
+  });
+});
+
+describe("serve /api/cas", () => {
+  test("returns empty list for missing storage", async () => {
+    const { fetch } = buildApp("/tmp/uncaged-serve-test-nonexistent");
+    const res = await fetch("/api/cas");
+    expect(res.status).toBe(200);
+    const body = (await res.json()) as { hashes: unknown[] };
+    expect(body.hashes).toEqual([]);
+  });
+
+  test("returns 404 for missing hash", async () => {
+    const { fetch } = buildApp("/tmp/uncaged-serve-test-nonexistent");
+    const res = await fetch("/api/cas/nonexistent-hash");
+    expect(res.status).toBe(404);
+  });
+});
+
+describe("serve error handling", () => {
+  test("POST /api/threads with invalid JSON body → 400", async () => {
+    const { fetch } = buildApp("/tmp/uncaged-serve-test-nonexistent");
+    const res = await fetch("/api/threads", {
+      method: "POST",
+      headers: { "Content-Type": "application/json" },
+      body: "not json",
+    });
+    expect(res.status).toBe(400);
+    const body = (await res.json()) as { error: string };
+    expect(body.error).toBe("invalid JSON body");
+  });
+
+  test("POST /api/cas with invalid JSON body → 400", async () => {
+    const { fetch } = buildApp("/tmp/uncaged-serve-test-nonexistent");
+    const res = await fetch("/api/cas", {
+      method: "POST",
+      headers: { "Content-Type": "application/json" },
+      body: "not json",
+    });
+    expect(res.status).toBe(400);
+    const body = (await res.json()) as { error: string };
+    expect(body.error).toBe("invalid JSON body");
+  });
+
+  test("POST /api/threads with missing required fields → 400", async () => {
+    const { fetch } = buildApp("/tmp/uncaged-serve-test-nonexistent");
+    const res = await fetch("/api/threads", {
+      method: "POST",
+      headers: { "Content-Type": "application/json" },
+      body: JSON.stringify({ foo: "bar" }),
+    });
+    expect(res.status).toBe(400);
+    const body = (await res.json()) as { error: string };
+    expect(body.error).toContain("required");
+  });
+
+  test("global error handler returns 500 with JSON", async () => {
+    const app = createApp("/tmp/uncaged-serve-test-nonexistent");
+    app.get("/test-error", () => {
+      throw new Error("boom");
+    });
+    const res = await app.fetch(new Request("http://localhost/test-error"));
+    expect(res.status).toBe(500);
+    const body = (await res.json()) as { error: string };
+    expect(body.error).toBe("Internal server error");
+  });
+});
+
+describe("serve security", () => {
+  test("CORS headers present on responses", async () => {
+    const app = createApp("/tmp/uncaged-serve-test-nonexistent");
+    const res2 = await app.fetch(
+      new Request("http://localhost/healthz", {
+        headers: { Origin: "http://localhost:5173" },
+      }),
+    );
+    expect(res2.headers.get("Access-Control-Allow-Origin")).toBe("http://localhost:5173");
+  });
+
+  test("POST with body > 1MB → 413", async () => {
+    const { fetch } = buildApp("/tmp/uncaged-serve-test-nonexistent");
+    const largeBody = "x".repeat(1_048_577);
+    const res = await fetch("/api/cas", {
+      method: "POST",
+      headers: {
+        "Content-Type": "application/json",
+        "Content-Length": String(largeBody.length),
+      },
+      body: largeBody,
+    });
+    expect(res.status).toBe(413);
+    const body = (await res.json()) as { error: string };
+    expect(body.error).toBe("Payload too large");
+  });
+});
+
+describe("serve CAS round-trip", () => {
+  const tmpDir = `/tmp/uncaged-serve-cas-test-${Date.now()}`;
+
+  test("put then get", async () => {
+    const { fetch } = buildApp(tmpDir);
+
+    const putRes = await fetch("/api/cas", {
+      method: "POST",
+      headers: { "Content-Type": "application/json" },
+      body: JSON.stringify({ content: "hello world" }),
+    });
+    expect(putRes.status).toBe(201);
+    const putBody = (await putRes.json()) as { hash: string };
+    expect(typeof putBody.hash).toBe("string");
+
+    const getRes = await fetch(`/api/cas/${putBody.hash}`);
+    expect(getRes.status).toBe(200);
+    const getBody = (await getRes.json()) as { content: string };
+    expect(getBody.content).toBe(casStoredForm("hello world"));
+
+    // cleanup
+    const delRes = await fetch(`/api/cas/${putBody.hash}`, { method: "DELETE" });
+    expect(delRes.status).toBe(200);
+  });
+});

packages/cli-workflow/__tests__/storage-env.test.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, test } from "bun:test";
-import { getDefaultWorkflowStorageRoot } from "@uncaged/workflow";
+import { getDefaultWorkflowStorageRoot } from "@uncaged/workflow-util";
 import { resolveWorkflowStorageRoot } from "../src/storage-env.js";
 
 describe("resolveWorkflowStorageRoot", () => {

packages/cli-workflow/__tests__/thread-cli.test.ts

@@ -1,10 +1,11 @@
 import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, test } from "bun:test";
 import { spawnSync } from "node:child_process";
-import { mkdir, mkdtemp, readFile, rm, writeFile } from "node:fs/promises";
+import { mkdir, mkdtemp, rm, writeFile } from "node:fs/promises";
 import { tmpdir } from "node:os";
-import { dirname, join } from "node:path";
+import { join } from "node:path";
 import { fileURLToPath } from "node:url";
-import { getGlobalCasDir } from "@uncaged/workflow";
+import { getBundleDir, readThreadsIndex } from "@uncaged/workflow-execute";
+import { getGlobalCasDir } from "@uncaged/workflow-util";
 import { cmdCasPut } from "../src/commands/cas/index.js";
 import {
   cmdKill,
@@ -18,10 +19,11 @@ import {
 } from "../src/commands/thread/index.js";
 import { cmdAdd } from "../src/commands/workflow/index.js";
 import { pathExists, readTextFileIfExists } from "../src/fs-utils.js";
+import { resolveThreadRecord } from "../src/thread-scan.js";
 import { addCliArgs } from "./bundle-fixture.js";
 import { ensureTestWorkflowRegistryConfig } from "./workflow-registry-fixture.js";
 
-const wfPutImport = `import { putContentMerkleNode } from "@uncaged/workflow";
+const wfPutImport = `import { putContentMerkleNode } from "@uncaged/workflow-cas";
 `;
 
 const threadFixtureDescriptor = `export const descriptor = {
@@ -101,34 +103,21 @@ export const run = async function* (_input, options) {
 };
 `;
 
-async function countDataJsonlLines(dataPath: string): Promise<number> {
-  try {
-    const text = await readFile(dataPath, "utf8");
-    return text
-      .trim()
-      .split("\n")
-      .filter((l) => l !== "").length;
-  } catch {
-    return 0;
-  }
-}
-
-async function waitUntilMinDataLines(
-  dataPath: string,
-  minLines: number,
-  maxAttempts: number,
-): Promise<void> {
+async function waitUntilRunningFileAbsent(runningPath: string, maxAttempts: number): Promise<void> {
   for (let attempt = 0; attempt < maxAttempts; attempt++) {
-    if ((await countDataJsonlLines(dataPath)) >= minLines) {
+    if (!(await pathExists(runningPath))) {
       return;
     }
     await new Promise((r) => setTimeout(r, 25));
   }
 }
 
-async function waitUntilRunningFileAbsent(runningPath: string, maxAttempts: number): Promise<void> {
+async function waitUntilPredicate(
+  predicate: () => Promise<boolean>,
+  maxAttempts: number,
+): Promise<void> {
   for (let attempt = 0; attempt < maxAttempts; attempt++) {
-    if (!(await pathExists(runningPath))) {
+    if (await predicate()) {
       return;
     }
     await new Promise((r) => setTimeout(r, 25));
@@ -200,8 +189,7 @@ describe("cli thread commands", () => {
     const removed = await cmdThreadRemove(storageRoot, threadId);
     expect(removed.ok).toBe(true);
 
-    const dataPath = join(storageRoot, "logs", added.value.hash, `${threadId}.data.jsonl`);
-    expect(await pathExists(dataPath)).toBe(false);
+    expect(await resolveThreadRecord(storageRoot, threadId)).toBeNull();
   });
 
   test("thread rm runs GC and removes CAS blobs not referenced by any remaining thread", async () => {
@@ -234,9 +222,9 @@ describe("cli thread commands", () => {
       threads = await cmdThreads(storageRoot, []);
     }
 
-    const dataPath = join(storageRoot, "logs", added.value.hash, `${threadId}.data.jsonl`);
-    const runningPath = join(dirname(dataPath), `${threadId}.running`);
+    const runningPath = join(storageRoot, "logs", added.value.hash, `${threadId}.running`);
     await waitUntilRunningFileAbsent(runningPath, 120);
+    expect((await resolveThreadRecord(storageRoot, threadId))?.source).toBe("history");
 
     const put = await cmdCasPut(storageRoot, "keep-after-thread-rm");
     expect(put.ok).toBe(true);
@@ -323,24 +311,20 @@ describe("cli thread commands", () => {
     const killed = await cmdKill(storageRoot, threadId);
     expect(killed.ok).toBe(true);
 
-    await new Promise((r) => setTimeout(r, 900));
+    await waitUntilPredicate(async () => {
+      return (await resolveThreadRecord(storageRoot, threadId))?.source === "history";
+    }, 120);
 
-    const dataPath = join(storageRoot, "logs", added.value.hash, `${threadId}.data.jsonl`);
-    const text = await readFile(dataPath, "utf8");
-    const lines = text
-      .trim()
-      .split("\n")
-      .filter((l) => l !== "");
-    expect(lines.length).toBe(3);
+    expect((await resolveThreadRecord(storageRoot, threadId))?.source).toBe("history");
 
-    const runningPath = join(dirname(dataPath), `${threadId}.running`);
+    const runningPath = join(storageRoot, "logs", added.value.hash, `${threadId}.running`);
     expect(await pathExists(runningPath)).toBe(false);
   });
 
   test("pause stops between yields and resume completes thread", async () => {
-    const bundleDir = join(storageRoot, "src");
-    await mkdir(bundleDir, { recursive: true });
-    const bundlePath = join(bundleDir, "demo.esm.js");
+    const srcDir = join(storageRoot, "src");
+    await mkdir(srcDir, { recursive: true });
+    const bundlePath = join(srcDir, "demo.esm.js");
     await writeFile(bundlePath, pauseResumeBundleSource, "utf8");
 
     const added = await cmdAdd(storageRoot, addCliArgs("solve-issue", bundlePath));
@@ -356,24 +340,33 @@ describe("cli thread commands", () => {
     }
 
     const threadId = ran.value.threadId;
-    const dataPath = join(storageRoot, "logs", added.value.hash, `${threadId}.data.jsonl`);
+    const bundleDir = getBundleDir(storageRoot, added.value.hash);
 
-    await waitUntilMinDataLines(dataPath, 2, 80);
-    expect(await countDataJsonlLines(dataPath)).toBe(2);
+    await waitUntilPredicate(async () => {
+      const idx = await readThreadsIndex(bundleDir);
+      const ent = idx[threadId];
+      return ent !== undefined && ent.head !== ent.start;
+    }, 80);
+
+    const idxBeforePause = await readThreadsIndex(bundleDir);
+    const headAtPause = idxBeforePause[threadId]?.head;
 
     const paused = await cmdPause(storageRoot, threadId);
     expect(paused.ok).toBe(true);
 
     await new Promise((r) => setTimeout(r, 400));
-    expect(await countDataJsonlLines(dataPath)).toBe(2);
+    const idxPaused = await readThreadsIndex(bundleDir);
+    expect(idxPaused[threadId]?.head).toBe(headAtPause);
 
     const resumed = await cmdResume(storageRoot, threadId);
     expect(resumed.ok).toBe(true);
 
-    await waitUntilMinDataLines(dataPath, 4, 120);
-    expect(await countDataJsonlLines(dataPath)).toBe(4);
+    await waitUntilPredicate(async () => {
+      const row = await resolveThreadRecord(storageRoot, threadId);
+      return row?.source === "history";
+    }, 120);
 
-    const runningPath = join(dirname(dataPath), `${threadId}.running`);
+    const runningPath = join(storageRoot, "logs", added.value.hash, `${threadId}.running`);
     await waitUntilRunningFileAbsent(runningPath, 100);
     expect(await pathExists(runningPath)).toBe(false);
   });
@@ -397,8 +390,7 @@ describe("cli thread commands", () => {
     }
 
     const threadId = ran.value.threadId;
-    const dataPath = join(storageRoot, "logs", added.value.hash, `${threadId}.data.jsonl`);
-    const runningPath = join(dirname(dataPath), `${threadId}.running`);
+    const runningPath = join(storageRoot, "logs", added.value.hash, `${threadId}.running`);
 
     await waitUntilRunningFileAbsent(runningPath, 100);
     expect(await pathExists(runningPath)).toBe(false);

packages/cli-workflow/package.json

@@ -1,12 +1,18 @@
 {
   "name": "@uncaged/cli-workflow",
-  "version": "0.1.0",
+  "version": "0.2.0",
   "type": "module",
   "bin": {
     "uncaged-workflow": "src/cli.ts"
   },
   "dependencies": {
-    "@uncaged/workflow": "workspace:*",
+    "@uncaged/workflow-protocol": "workspace:*",
+    "@uncaged/workflow-util": "workspace:*",
+    "@uncaged/workflow-cas": "workspace:*",
+    "@uncaged/workflow-execute": "workspace:*",
+    "@uncaged/workflow-register": "workspace:*",
+    "@uncaged/workflow-runtime": "workspace:*",
+    "hono": "^4.12.18",
     "yaml": "^2.8.4"
   },
   "scripts": {

packages/cli-workflow/pnpm-lock.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+lockfileVersion: '9.0'
+
+settings:
+  autoInstallPeers: true
+  excludeLinksFromLockfile: false
+
+importers:
+
+  .:
+    dependencies:
+      '@uncaged/workflow-cas':
+        specifier: workspace:*
+        version: link:../workflow-cas
+      '@uncaged/workflow-execute':
+        specifier: workspace:*
+        version: link:../workflow-execute
+      '@uncaged/workflow-protocol':
+        specifier: workspace:*
+        version: link:../workflow-protocol
+      '@uncaged/workflow-register':
+        specifier: workspace:*
+        version: link:../workflow-register
+      '@uncaged/workflow-runtime':
+        specifier: workspace:*
+        version: link:../workflow-runtime
+      '@uncaged/workflow-util':
+        specifier: workspace:*
+        version: link:../workflow-util
+      hono:
+        specifier: ^4.12.18
+        version: 4.12.18
+      yaml:
+        specifier: ^2.8.4
+        version: 2.8.4
+
+packages:
+
+  hono@4.12.18:
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-RWzP96k/yv0PQfyXnWjs6zot20TqfpfsNXhOnev8d1InAxubW93L11/oNUc3tQqn2G0bSdAOBpX+2uDFHV7kdQ==}
+    engines: {node: '>=16.9.0'}
+
+  yaml@2.8.4:
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-ml/JPOj9fOQK8RNnWojA67GbZ0ApXAUlN2UQclwv2eVgTgn7O9gg9o7paZWKMp4g0H3nTLtS9LVzhkpOFIKzog==}
+    engines: {node: '>= 14.6'}
+    hasBin: true
+
+snapshots:
+
+  hono@4.12.18: {}
+
+  yaml@2.8.4: {}

packages/cli-workflow/src/bundle-store.ts

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { mkdir, readFile, writeFile } from "node:fs/promises";
 import { join } from "node:path";
 
-import { err, ok, type Result } from "@uncaged/workflow";
+import { err, ok, type Result } from "@uncaged/workflow-protocol";
 
 import { pathExists } from "./fs-utils.js";
 

packages/cli-workflow/src/cli-dispatch.ts

@@ -1,34 +1,14 @@
 import type { CommandEntry, DispatchFn } from "./cli-command-types.js";
-import { printCliError, printCliLine, printCliWarn } from "./cli-output.js";
+import { printCliError, printCliLine } from "./cli-output.js";
 import { getCommandRegistry } from "./cli-registry.js";
 import { formatCliUsage as formatCliUsageWithGroups } from "./cli-usage.js";
-import { createCasDispatcher, dispatchGc } from "./commands/cas/index.js";
+import { createCasDispatcher } from "./commands/cas/index.js";
 import { createInitDispatcher } from "./commands/init/index.js";
-import {
-  createThreadDispatcher,
-  dispatchFork,
-  dispatchKill,
-  dispatchLive,
-  dispatchPause,
-  dispatchPs,
-  dispatchResume,
-  dispatchRun,
-  dispatchThreadList,
-} from "./commands/thread/index.js";
-import {
-  createWorkflowDispatcher,
-  dispatchAdd,
-  dispatchHistory,
-  dispatchList,
-  dispatchRemove,
-  dispatchRollback,
-  dispatchShow,
-} from "./commands/workflow/index.js";
+import { dispatchServe } from "./commands/serve/index.js";
+import { createThreadDispatcher, dispatchLive, dispatchRun } from "./commands/thread/index.js";
+import { createWorkflowDispatcher } from "./commands/workflow/index.js";
 import { formatSkillIndex, formatSkillTopic, getSkillTopics } from "./skill.js";
 
-export type { CommandEntry, CommandGroup, DispatchFn } from "./cli-command-types.js";
-export { getCommandRegistry } from "./cli-registry.js";
-
 function dispatchGroup(
   tableName: string,
   table: Record<string, CommandEntry>,
@@ -54,15 +34,11 @@ function dispatchGroup(
   return entry.handler(storageRoot, argv.slice(1));
 }
 
-function printDeprecation(oldCmd: string, newCmd: string): void {
-  printCliWarn(`⚠ "${oldCmd}" is deprecated, use "${newCmd}" instead`);
-}
-
 export function formatCliUsage(): string {
   return formatCliUsageWithGroups(getCommandRegistry(), getSkillTopics());
 }
 
-const dispatchWorkflow = createWorkflowDispatcher({ dispatchGroup, printDeprecation });
+const dispatchWorkflow = createWorkflowDispatcher({ dispatchGroup });
 const dispatchThread = createThreadDispatcher({ dispatchGroup });
 const dispatchCas = createCasDispatcher({ dispatchGroup });
 const dispatchInit = createInitDispatcher({ dispatchGroup });
@@ -85,41 +61,15 @@ async function dispatchSkill(_storageRoot: string, argv: string[]): Promise<numb
   return showSkillDocOrIndex(argv[0]);
 }
 
-async function dispatchHelp(_storageRoot: string, argv: string[]): Promise<number> {
-  printCliWarn('⚠ "help" is deprecated, use "skill" instead');
-  const skillIdx = argv.indexOf("--skill");
-  if (skillIdx !== -1) {
-    return showSkillDocOrIndex(argv[skillIdx + 1]);
-  }
-  printCliLine(formatCliUsage());
-  return 0;
-}
-
 const COMMAND_TABLE: Record<string, DispatchFn> = {
   workflow: dispatchWorkflow,
   thread: dispatchThread,
   cas: dispatchCas,
   init: dispatchInit,
-  help: dispatchHelp,
   skill: dispatchSkill,
   run: dispatchRun,
   live: dispatchLive,
-};
-
-const DEPRECATED_ALIASES: Record<string, { newCmd: string; handler: DispatchFn }> = {
-  add: { newCmd: "workflow add", handler: dispatchAdd },
-  list: { newCmd: "workflow list", handler: dispatchList },
-  show: { newCmd: "workflow show", handler: dispatchShow },
-  remove: { newCmd: "workflow rm", handler: dispatchRemove },
-  ps: { newCmd: "thread ps", handler: dispatchPs },
-  kill: { newCmd: "thread kill", handler: dispatchKill },
-  pause: { newCmd: "thread pause", handler: dispatchPause },
-  resume: { newCmd: "thread resume", handler: dispatchResume },
-  threads: { newCmd: "thread list", handler: dispatchThreadList },
-  fork: { newCmd: "thread fork", handler: dispatchFork },
-  gc: { newCmd: "cas gc", handler: dispatchGc },
-  history: { newCmd: "workflow history", handler: dispatchHistory },
-  rollback: { newCmd: "workflow rollback", handler: dispatchRollback },
+  serve: dispatchServe,
 };
 
 export async function runCli(storageRoot: string, argv: string[]): Promise<number> {
@@ -139,12 +89,6 @@ export async function runCli(storageRoot: string, argv: string[]): Promise<numbe
     return dispatch(storageRoot, rest);
   }
 
-  const deprecated = DEPRECATED_ALIASES[command];
-  if (deprecated !== undefined) {
-    printDeprecation(command, deprecated.newCmd);
-    return deprecated.handler(storageRoot, rest);
-  }
-
   printCliError(`${formatCliUsage()}\n\nerror: unknown command ${command}`);
   return 1;
 }

packages/cli-workflow/src/cli-usage.ts

@@ -57,6 +57,17 @@ export function formatCliUsage(
   );
   lines.push("");
 
+  lines.push("Server:");
+  lines.push(
+    ...formatUsageCommandLines([
+      {
+        prefix: "serve [--port N] [--host ADDR]",
+        description: "Start HTTP API server (default: 127.0.0.1:7860)",
+      },
+    ]),
+  );
+  lines.push("");
+
   lines.push("Reference:");
   const skillTopicNames = skillTopics.map((t) => t.name).join(", ");
   lines.push(

packages/cli-workflow/src/commands/cas/gc.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-import { type GcResult, garbageCollectCas, type Result } from "@uncaged/workflow";
+import { type GcResult, garbageCollectCas } from "@uncaged/workflow-execute";
+import type { Result } from "@uncaged/workflow-protocol";
 
 export async function cmdGc(storageRoot: string): Promise<Result<GcResult, string>> {
   return garbageCollectCas(storageRoot);

packages/cli-workflow/src/commands/cas/get.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
-import { createCasStore, err, getGlobalCasDir, ok, type Result } from "@uncaged/workflow";
+import { createCasStore } from "@uncaged/workflow-cas";
+import { err, ok, type Result } from "@uncaged/workflow-protocol";
+import { getGlobalCasDir } from "@uncaged/workflow-util";
 
 export async function cmdCasGet(
   storageRoot: string,

packages/cli-workflow/src/commands/cas/list.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
-import { createCasStore, getGlobalCasDir, ok, type Result } from "@uncaged/workflow";
+import { createCasStore } from "@uncaged/workflow-cas";
+import { ok, type Result } from "@uncaged/workflow-protocol";
+import { getGlobalCasDir } from "@uncaged/workflow-util";
 
 export async function cmdCasList(storageRoot: string): Promise<Result<string[], string>> {
   const cas = createCasStore(getGlobalCasDir(storageRoot));

packages/cli-workflow/src/commands/cas/put.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
-import { createCasStore, getGlobalCasDir, ok, type Result } from "@uncaged/workflow";
+import { createCasStore } from "@uncaged/workflow-cas";
+import { ok, type Result } from "@uncaged/workflow-protocol";
+import { getGlobalCasDir } from "@uncaged/workflow-util";
 
 export async function cmdCasPut(
   storageRoot: string,

packages/cli-workflow/src/commands/cas/rm.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
-import { createCasStore, getGlobalCasDir, ok, type Result } from "@uncaged/workflow";
+import { createCasStore } from "@uncaged/workflow-cas";
+import { ok, type Result } from "@uncaged/workflow-protocol";
+import { getGlobalCasDir } from "@uncaged/workflow-util";
 
 export async function cmdCasRm(storageRoot: string, hash: string): Promise<Result<void, string>> {
   const cas = createCasStore(getGlobalCasDir(storageRoot));

packages/cli-workflow/src/commands/init/template.ts

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { mkdir, readFile, writeFile } from "node:fs/promises";
 import { dirname, join, resolve } from "node:path";
 
-import { err, ok, type Result } from "@uncaged/workflow";
+import { err, ok, type Result } from "@uncaged/workflow-protocol";
 
 import { pathExists } from "../../fs-utils.js";
 

packages/cli-workflow/src/commands/init/templates.ts

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ export function templatePackageJson(templateName: string): string {
       private: true,
       type: "module",
       dependencies: {
-        "@uncaged/workflow": "^0.1.0",
+        "@uncaged/workflow-runtime": "^0.1.0",
         zod: "^4.0.0",
       },
     },
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ export function templateTsconfigJson(): string {
 }
 
 export function templateRolesTs(): string {
-  return `import type { RoleDefinition } from "@uncaged/workflow";
+  return `import type { RoleDefinition } from "@uncaged/workflow-runtime";
 import * as z from "zod/v4";
 
 export const HELLO_TEMPLATE_DESCRIPTION =
@@ -50,7 +50,6 @@ const greeterMetaSchema = z.object({
 export const greeterRole: RoleDefinition<HelloTemplateMeta["greeter"]> = {
   description: "Says hello — replace with your first role.",
   systemPrompt: "You are a helpful assistant. Reply with one short friendly sentence.",
-  extractPrompt: "Extract the assistant's greeting as message.",
   schema: greeterMetaSchema,
   extractRefs: null,
 };
@@ -58,7 +57,7 @@ export const greeterRole: RoleDefinition<HelloTemplateMeta["greeter"]> = {
 }
 
 export function templateModeratorTs(): string {
-  return `import { END, type Moderator, type ModeratorContext } from "@uncaged/workflow";
+  return `import { END, type Moderator, type ModeratorContext } from "@uncaged/workflow-runtime";
 
 import type { HelloTemplateMeta } from "./roles.js";
 
@@ -74,7 +73,7 @@ export const helloTemplateModerator: Moderator<HelloTemplateMeta> = (
 }
 
 export function templateIndexTs(): string {
-  return `import type { WorkflowDefinition } from "@uncaged/workflow";
+  return `import type { WorkflowDefinition } from "@uncaged/workflow-runtime";
 
 import { helloTemplateModerator } from "./moderator.js";
 import {

packages/cli-workflow/src/commands/init/validate.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { err, ok, type Result } from "@uncaged/workflow";
+import { err, ok, type Result } from "@uncaged/workflow-protocol";
 
 /** Validates a single path segment for workspace / template names (no separators, not `.` / `..`). */
 export function validateWorkspaceSegment(name: string): Result<void, string> {

packages/cli-workflow/src/commands/init/workspace.ts

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { mkdir, writeFile } from "node:fs/promises";
 import { join } from "node:path";
 
-import { err, ok, type Result } from "@uncaged/workflow";
+import { err, ok, type Result } from "@uncaged/workflow-protocol";
 
 import { pathExists } from "../../fs-utils.js";
 import type { CmdInitWorkspaceSuccess } from "./types.js";
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ function workflowsPackageJson(): string {
       private: true,
       type: "module",
       dependencies: {
-        "@uncaged/workflow": "^0.1.0",
+        "@uncaged/workflow-runtime": "^0.1.0",
         zod: "^4.0.0",
       },
     },
@@ -93,21 +93,21 @@ Init 生成的骨架：\`templates/\` 下放可复用定义，\`workflows/\` 下
 ## 2. 核心概念
 
 - **RoleMeta**：\`Record<string, Record<string, unknown>>\`，角色名 → 该角色结构化 meta 的形状约定。
-- **RoleDefinition<Meta>**：纯数据——\`description\`、\`systemPrompt\`、\`extractPrompt\`、\`schema\`（Zod v4）。不含执行逻辑。
+- **RoleDefinition<Meta>**：纯数据——\`description\`、\`systemPrompt\`、\`schema\`（Zod v4）。不含执行逻辑。
 - **WorkflowDefinition<M extends RoleMeta>**：\`description\` + \`roles\`（各角色定义）+ **Moderator**。
 - **Moderator**：\`(ctx: ModeratorContext<M>) => (角色名) | END\`。同步、纯函数，只做路由。
 - **AgentFn**：\`(ctx: AgentContext) => Promise<string>\`，原始文本输出；从上下文读取当前角色的 \`systemPrompt\`。
-- **ExtractFn**：从上下文与 prompt 解析结构化数据（引擎与 Agent 都可使用）。
+- **ExtractFn**：从 CAS content hash 解析结构化数据（引擎与 Agent 都可使用）。
 
 引擎循环简述：**Moderator** → 选角色 → **Agent** 产出文本 → **Extract** 写入 **meta** → 追加 step，重复直至 **END**。详见 \`docs/architecture.md\` 中的三阶段说明。
 
 ## 3. 开发流程
 
 1. **定义 RoleMeta**：为每个角色约定 meta 的 TypeScript 类型（与 Zod schema 对齐）。
-2. **编写 RoleDefinition**：为每个角色写 Zod \`schema\`，补齐 \`systemPrompt\` / \`extractPrompt\` / \`description\`。
+2. **编写 RoleDefinition**：为每个角色写 Zod \`schema\`，补齐 \`systemPrompt\` / \`description\`。
 3. **编写 Moderator**：根据 \`ctx.steps\` 与业务状态返回下一个角色名或 \`END\`。
 4. **组装 WorkflowDefinition**：在模板 \`index\` 中导出 definition（以及必要的角色 / moderator 导出）。
-5. **实例化**：在 workflow 包中使用 \`createWorkflow(def, binding)\`（或项目约定的封装）绑定 **AgentFn**；**ExtractFn** 由引擎从 **workflow.yaml** 注入 \`WorkflowFnOptions\`。
+5. **实例化**：在 workflow 包中使用 \`createWorkflow(def, binding)\`（或项目约定的封装）绑定 **AgentFn**；**ExtractFn** 由引擎从 **workflow.yaml** 注入 \`WorkflowRuntime\`。
 6. **构建**：打包为单个 **.esm.js** bundle，使用 **uncaged-workflow add** 注册。
 
 ## 4. 编码规范

packages/cli-workflow/src/commands/serve/app.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+import { Hono } from "hono";
+import { cors } from "hono/cors";
+
+import { createCasRoutes } from "./routes-cas.js";
+import { createLiveRoutes } from "./routes-live.js";
+import { createThreadRoutes } from "./routes-thread.js";
+import { createWorkflowRoutes } from "./routes-workflow.js";
+
+const MAX_BODY_SIZE = 1_048_576; // 1 MB
+
+export function createApp(storageRoot: string, agentToken: string | null): Hono {
+  const app = new Hono();
+
+  app.onError((_err, c) => {
+    return c.json({ error: "Internal server error" }, 500);
+  });
+
+  app.use(
+    "*",
+    cors({
+      origin: [
+        "http://localhost:5173",
+        "http://127.0.0.1:5173",
+        "http://localhost:7860",
+        "http://127.0.0.1:7860",
+      ],
+    }),
+  );
+
+  app.use("*", async (c, next) => {
+    if (c.req.method === "POST") {
+      const contentLength = c.req.header("content-length");
+      if (contentLength !== undefined && Number(contentLength) > MAX_BODY_SIZE) {
+        return c.json({ error: "Payload too large" }, 413);
+      }
+    }
+    await next();
+  });
+
+  // ── Agent token auth (skip healthz) ───────────────────────────────
+  if (agentToken !== null) {
+    app.use("/api/*", async (c, next) => {
+      const token = c.req.header("X-Agent-Token");
+      if (token !== agentToken) {
+        return c.json({ error: "unauthorized" }, 401);
+      }
+      await next();
+    });
+  }
+
+  app.get("/healthz", (c) => c.json({ ok: true }));
+  app.get("/api/healthz", (c) => c.json({ ok: true }));
+
+  app.route("/api/workflows", createWorkflowRoutes(storageRoot));
+  app.route("/api/threads", createThreadRoutes(storageRoot));
+  app.route("/api/threads", createLiveRoutes(storageRoot));
+  app.route("/api/cas", createCasRoutes(storageRoot));
+
+  return app;
+}

packages/cli-workflow/src/commands/serve/index.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+export { createApp } from "./app.js";
+export { dispatchServe, startServer } from "./serve.js";
+export type { ServeOptions } from "./types.js";

packages/cli-workflow/src/commands/serve/routes-cas.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+import { createCasStore } from "@uncaged/workflow-cas";
+import { garbageCollectCas } from "@uncaged/workflow-execute";
+import { getGlobalCasDir } from "@uncaged/workflow-util";
+import { Hono } from "hono";
+
+export function createCasRoutes(storageRoot: string): Hono {
+  const app = new Hono();
+  const casDir = getGlobalCasDir(storageRoot);
+  const cas = createCasStore(casDir);
+
+  app.get("/", async (c) => {
+    const hashes = await cas.list();
+    return c.json({ hashes });
+  });
+
+  app.get("/:hash", async (c) => {
+    const content = await cas.get(c.req.param("hash"));
+    if (content === null) {
+      return c.json({ error: "not found" }, 404);
+    }
+    return c.json({ hash: c.req.param("hash"), content });
+  });
+
+  app.post("/", async (c) => {
+    let body: { content: string };
+    try {
+      body = (await c.req.json()) as { content: string };
+    } catch {
+      return c.json({ error: "invalid JSON body" }, 400);
+    }
+    if (typeof body.content !== "string") {
+      return c.json({ error: "content field required" }, 400);
+    }
+    const hash = await cas.put(body.content);
+    return c.json({ hash }, 201);
+  });
+
+  app.delete("/:hash", async (c) => {
+    const hash = c.req.param("hash");
+    const content = await cas.get(hash);
+    if (content === null) {
+      return c.json({ error: "not found" }, 404);
+    }
+    await cas.delete(hash);
+    return c.json({ ok: true });
+  });
+
+  app.post("/gc", async (c) => {
+    const result = await garbageCollectCas(storageRoot);
+    if (!result.ok) {
+      return c.json({ error: result.error }, 500);
+    }
+    return c.json(result.value);
+  });
+
+  return app;
+}

packages/cli-workflow/src/commands/serve/routes-live.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,374 @@
+import { existsSync, statSync, watch } from "node:fs";
+import { join } from "node:path";
+import { createCasStore, getContentMerklePayload } from "@uncaged/workflow-cas";
+import {
+  FORK_BRANCH_ROLE,
+  readThreadsIndex,
+  type ThreadIndex,
+  walkStateFramesNewestFirst,
+} from "@uncaged/workflow-execute";
+import { END } from "@uncaged/workflow-runtime";
+import { getGlobalCasDir } from "@uncaged/workflow-util";
+import { Hono } from "hono";
+import { streamSSE } from "hono/streaming";
+
+import { resolveThreadRecord } from "../../thread-scan.js";
+
+type PumpState = {
+  contentOffset: number;
+  carry: string;
+};
+
+function fileSize(path: string): number {
+  try {
+    return statSync(path).size;
+  } catch {
+    return 0;
+  }
+}
+
+async function readNewBytes(path: string, state: PumpState): Promise<string | null> {
+  const size = fileSize(path);
+  if (size < state.contentOffset) {
+    state.contentOffset = 0;
+    state.carry = "";
+  }
+  if (size <= state.contentOffset) {
+    return null;
+  }
+  const blob = Bun.file(path).slice(state.contentOffset, size);
+  const chunk = await blob.text();
+  state.contentOffset = size;
+  return chunk;
+}
+
+function parseJsonLine(line: string): unknown {
+  try {
+    return JSON.parse(line) as unknown;
+  } catch {
+    return { raw: line };
+  }
+}
+
+function parseNewLines(chunk: string, state: PumpState): string[] {
+  state.carry += chunk;
+
+  const parts = state.carry.split("\n");
+  state.carry = parts.pop() ?? "";
+
+  const lines: string[] = [];
+  for (const line of parts) {
+    const trimmed = line.trim();
+    if (trimmed !== "") {
+      lines.push(trimmed);
+    }
+  }
+  return lines;
+}
+
+type CasSseState = {
+  printedHashes: Set<string>;
+  lastHead: string | null;
+  completionEmitted: boolean;
+};
+
+type LiveSseStream = {
+  writeSSE: (opts: { event: string; data: string; id: string }) => Promise<void>;
+};
+
+function completionFromEndMeta(meta: Record<string, unknown>): {
+  returnCode: number;
+  summary: string;
+} | null {
+  const returnCode = meta.returnCode;
+  const summary = meta.summary;
+  if (typeof returnCode !== "number" || typeof summary !== "string") {
+    return null;
+  }
+  return { returnCode, summary };
+}
+
+async function emitRecordsForHead(params: {
+  storageRoot: string;
+  bundleDir: string;
+  threadId: string;
+  headHash: string;
+  sseState: CasSseState;
+  stream: LiveSseStream;
+  eventId: { n: number };
+}): Promise<boolean> {
+  const cas = createCasStore(getGlobalCasDir(params.storageRoot));
+  const frames = await walkStateFramesNewestFirst(cas, params.headHash);
+  const chronological = [...frames].reverse();
+
+  for (const fr of chronological) {
+    if (params.sseState.printedHashes.has(fr.hash)) {
+      continue;
+    }
+    params.sseState.printedHashes.add(fr.hash);
+
+    const role = fr.payload.role;
+    if (role === FORK_BRANCH_ROLE) {
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    if (role === END) {
+      const wf = completionFromEndMeta(fr.payload.meta);
+      if (wf !== null) {
+        params.eventId.n++;
+        await params.stream.writeSSE({
+          event: "record",
+          data: JSON.stringify({
+            type: "workflow-result",
+            returnCode: wf.returnCode,
+            content: wf.summary,
+            timestamp: null,
+          }),
+          id: String(params.eventId.n),
+        });
+        return true;
+      }
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    const payloadText = await getContentMerklePayload(cas, fr.payload.content);
+    const content =
+      payloadText !== null
+        ? payloadText
+        : `(content not in CAS; contentHash=${fr.payload.content})`;
+
+    params.eventId.n++;
+    await params.stream.writeSSE({
+      event: "record",
+      data: JSON.stringify({
+        type: "role",
+        role: fr.payload.role,
+        contentHash: fr.payload.content,
+        content,
+        meta: fr.payload.meta,
+        timestamp: fr.payload.timestamp,
+      }),
+      id: String(params.eventId.n),
+    });
+  }
+
+  return false;
+}
+
+async function pumpThreadsJsonSse(params: {
+  storageRoot: string;
+  bundleDir: string;
+  threadId: string;
+  sseState: CasSseState;
+  stream: LiveSseStream;
+  eventId: { n: number };
+}): Promise<boolean> {
+  let idx: ThreadIndex;
+  try {
+    idx = await readThreadsIndex(params.bundleDir);
+  } catch {
+    idx = {};
+  }
+
+  const active = idx[params.threadId];
+
+  if (active === undefined) {
+    if (params.sseState.completionEmitted) {
+      return false;
+    }
+    const hist = await resolveThreadRecord(params.storageRoot, params.threadId);
+    if (hist === null || hist.source !== "history") {
+      return false;
+    }
+    params.sseState.completionEmitted = true;
+    return await emitRecordsForHead({
+      storageRoot: params.storageRoot,
+      bundleDir: params.bundleDir,
+      threadId: params.threadId,
+      headHash: hist.head,
+      sseState: params.sseState,
+      stream: params.stream,
+      eventId: params.eventId,
+    });
+  }
+
+  const head = active.head;
+  if (params.sseState.lastHead === null) {
+    params.sseState.lastHead = head;
+    return await emitRecordsForHead({
+      storageRoot: params.storageRoot,
+      bundleDir: params.bundleDir,
+      threadId: params.threadId,
+      headHash: head,
+      sseState: params.sseState,
+      stream: params.stream,
+      eventId: params.eventId,
+    });
+  }
+
+  if (head !== params.sseState.lastHead) {
+    params.sseState.lastHead = head;
+    return await emitRecordsForHead({
+      storageRoot: params.storageRoot,
+      bundleDir: params.bundleDir,
+      threadId: params.threadId,
+      headHash: head,
+      sseState: params.sseState,
+      stream: params.stream,
+      eventId: params.eventId,
+    });
+  }
+
+  return false;
+}
+
+export function createLiveRoutes(storageRoot: string): Hono {
+  const app = new Hono();
+
+  app.get("/:threadId/live", async (c) => {
+    const threadId = c.req.param("threadId");
+    const resolved = await resolveThreadRecord(storageRoot, threadId);
+    if (resolved === null) {
+      return c.json({ error: `thread not found: ${threadId}` }, 404);
+    }
+
+    const threadTarget = resolved;
+    const threadsJsonPath = join(threadTarget.bundleDir, "threads.json");
+    const infoPath = join(storageRoot, "logs", threadTarget.bundleHash, `${threadId}.info.jsonl`);
+
+    return streamSSE(c, async (stream) => {
+      const infoState: PumpState = { contentOffset: 0, carry: "" };
+      const sseThreadState: CasSseState = {
+        printedHashes: new Set<string>(),
+        lastHead: null,
+        completionEmitted: false,
+      };
+      const eventId = { n: 0 };
+
+      async function pumpData(): Promise<boolean> {
+        const finished = await pumpThreadsJsonSse({
+          storageRoot,
+          bundleDir: threadTarget.bundleDir,
+          threadId,
+          sseState: sseThreadState,
+          stream,
+          eventId,
+        });
+        return finished;
+      }
+
+      // biome-ignore lint/complexity/noExcessiveCognitiveComplexity: SSE newline framing mirrors legacy pump
+      async function pumpInfo(): Promise<void> {
+        let chunk: string | null;
+        try {
+          chunk = await readNewBytes(infoPath, infoState);
+        } catch {
+          return;
+        }
+        if (chunk === null) {
+          return;
+        }
+
+        const lines = parseNewLines(chunk, infoState);
+        for (const line of lines) {
+          const record = parseJsonLine(line);
+          if (
+            typeof record === "object" &&
+            record !== null &&
+            "raw" in (record as Record<string, unknown>)
+          ) {
+            continue;
+          }
+          eventId.n++;
+          await stream.writeSSE({
+            event: "info",
+            data: JSON.stringify(record),
+            id: String(eventId.n),
+          });
+        }
+      }
+
+      eventId.n++;
+      await stream.writeSSE({
+        event: "record",
+        data: JSON.stringify({
+          type: "thread-start",
+          threadId: threadTarget.threadId,
+          bundleHash: threadTarget.bundleHash,
+          head: threadTarget.head,
+          start: threadTarget.start,
+          source: threadTarget.source,
+        }),
+        id: String(eventId.n),
+      });
+
+      const done = await pumpData();
+      try {
+        await pumpInfo();
+      } catch {
+        // optional info file
+      }
+      if (done) {
+        return;
+      }
+
+      // If thread is not actively running, emit all records and close — don't keep SSE open
+      const runningPath = join(storageRoot, "logs", threadTarget.bundleHash, `${threadId}.running`);
+      if (!existsSync(runningPath)) {
+        eventId.n++;
+        await stream.writeSSE({
+          event: "done",
+          data: JSON.stringify({ reason: "not-running" }),
+          id: String(eventId.n),
+        });
+        return;
+      }
+
+      const controller = new AbortController();
+      let completed = false;
+
+      const threadsJsonWatcher = watch(threadsJsonPath, async () => {
+        if (completed) {
+          return;
+        }
+        const finished = await pumpData();
+        if (finished) {
+          completed = true;
+          controller.abort();
+        }
+      });
+
+      let infoWatcher: ReturnType<typeof watch> | null = null;
+      try {
+        infoWatcher = watch(infoPath, async () => {
+          if (completed) {
+            return;
+          }
+          await pumpInfo();
+        });
+      } catch {
+        // info file may not exist
+      }
+
+      stream.onAbort(() => {
+        completed = true;
+        threadsJsonWatcher.close();
+        infoWatcher?.close();
+      });
+
+      await new Promise<void>((resolve) => {
+        if (completed) {
+          resolve();
+          return;
+        }
+        controller.signal.addEventListener("abort", () => resolve(), { once: true });
+        stream.onAbort(() => resolve());
+      });
+
+      threadsJsonWatcher.close();
+      infoWatcher?.close();
+    });
+  });
+
+  return app;
+}

packages/cli-workflow/src/commands/serve/routes-thread.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,199 @@
+import { join } from "node:path";
+import { createCasStore, getContentMerklePayload, parseCasThreadNode } from "@uncaged/workflow-cas";
+import { FORK_BRANCH_ROLE, walkStateFramesNewestFirst } from "@uncaged/workflow-execute";
+import { END } from "@uncaged/workflow-runtime";
+import { getGlobalCasDir } from "@uncaged/workflow-util";
+import { Hono } from "hono";
+
+import { pathExists } from "../../fs-utils.js";
+import type { HistoricalThreadRow, ResolvedThreadRecord } from "../../thread-scan.js";
+import {
+  listHistoricalThreads,
+  listRunningThreads,
+  resolveThreadListStatus,
+  resolveThreadRecord,
+} from "../../thread-scan.js";
+import { cmdKill, cmdPause, cmdResume } from "../thread/control.js";
+import { cmdRun } from "../thread/run.js";
+
+async function readStartInfo(
+  cas: ReturnType<typeof createCasStore>,
+  startHash: string,
+): Promise<{ name: string | null; prompt: string | null }> {
+  const raw = await cas.get(startHash);
+  if (raw === null) return { name: null, prompt: null };
+  const parsed = parseCasThreadNode(raw);
+  if (parsed === null || parsed.kind !== "start") return { name: null, prompt: null };
+  const name = parsed.node.payload.name;
+  const promptHash = parsed.node.refs[0] ?? null;
+  let prompt: string | null = null;
+  if (promptHash !== null) {
+    prompt = await getContentMerklePayload(cas, promptHash);
+  }
+  return { name, prompt };
+}
+
+async function buildThreadDetailRecords(
+  storageRoot: string,
+  resolved: ResolvedThreadRecord,
+  runningMarkerPresent: boolean,
+  statusRow: HistoricalThreadRow,
+): Promise<unknown[]> {
+  const cas = createCasStore(getGlobalCasDir(storageRoot));
+  const frames = await walkStateFramesNewestFirst(cas, resolved.head);
+  const chronological = [...frames].reverse();
+
+  const { name: workflowName, prompt } = await readStartInfo(cas, resolved.start);
+
+  const status = await resolveThreadListStatus(storageRoot, statusRow, runningMarkerPresent);
+
+  const records: unknown[] = [
+    {
+      type: "thread-start",
+      workflow: workflowName ?? "unknown",
+      prompt: prompt ?? null,
+      threadId: resolved.threadId,
+      status,
+      timestamp: null,
+    },
+  ];
+
+  for (const fr of chronological) {
+    if (fr.payload.role === FORK_BRANCH_ROLE) {
+      continue;
+    }
+    if (fr.payload.role === END) {
+      const returnCode = fr.payload.meta.returnCode;
+      const summary = fr.payload.meta.summary;
+      if (typeof returnCode === "number" && typeof summary === "string") {
+        records.push({
+          type: "workflow-result",
+          returnCode,
+          content: summary,
+          timestamp: fr.payload.timestamp,
+        });
+      }
+      continue;
+    }
+    const payloadText = await getContentMerklePayload(cas, fr.payload.content);
+    const content =
+      payloadText !== null
+        ? payloadText
+        : `(content not in CAS; contentHash=${fr.payload.content})`;
+    records.push({
+      type: "role",
+      role: fr.payload.role,
+      contentHash: fr.payload.content,
+      content,
+      meta: fr.payload.meta,
+      timestamp: fr.payload.timestamp,
+    });
+  }
+
+  return records;
+}
+
+export function createThreadRoutes(storageRoot: string): Hono {
+  const app = new Hono();
+
+  app.get("/", async (c) => {
+    const nameFilter = c.req.query("workflow") ?? null;
+    const rows = await listHistoricalThreads(storageRoot, nameFilter);
+    const threads = await Promise.all(
+      rows.map(async (r) => {
+        const runningPath = join(storageRoot, "logs", r.hash, `${r.threadId}.running`);
+        const runningMarkerPresent = await pathExists(runningPath);
+        const status = await resolveThreadListStatus(storageRoot, r, runningMarkerPresent);
+        return {
+          threadId: r.threadId,
+          workflow: r.workflowName,
+          hash: r.hash,
+          startedAt: new Date(r.activityTs).toISOString(),
+          status,
+        };
+      }),
+    );
+    return c.json({ threads });
+  });
+
+  app.get("/running", async (c) => {
+    const rows = await listRunningThreads(storageRoot);
+    return c.json({ threads: rows });
+  });
+
+  app.get("/:threadId", async (c) => {
+    const threadId = c.req.param("threadId");
+    const resolved = await resolveThreadRecord(storageRoot, threadId);
+    if (resolved === null) {
+      return c.json({ error: `thread not found: ${threadId}` }, 404);
+    }
+    const runningPath = join(storageRoot, "logs", resolved.bundleHash, `${threadId}.running`);
+    const runningMarkerPresent = await pathExists(runningPath);
+    const statusRow = {
+      threadId: resolved.threadId,
+      hash: resolved.bundleHash,
+      workflowName: null,
+      source: resolved.source,
+      activityTs: 0,
+      head: resolved.head,
+    };
+    const records = await buildThreadDetailRecords(
+      storageRoot,
+      resolved,
+      runningMarkerPresent,
+      statusRow,
+    );
+    return c.json({ threadId, records });
+  });
+
+  app.post("/", async (c) => {
+    let body: Record<string, unknown>;
+    try {
+      body = (await c.req.json()) as Record<string, unknown>;
+    } catch {
+      return c.json({ error: "invalid JSON body" }, 400);
+    }
+
+    const name = body.workflow;
+    const prompt = body.prompt;
+
+    if (typeof name !== "string" || typeof prompt !== "string") {
+      return c.json({ error: "workflow (string) and prompt (string) are required" }, 400);
+    }
+
+    const result = await cmdRun(storageRoot, name, prompt);
+    if (!result.ok) {
+      return c.json({ error: result.error }, 400);
+    }
+    return c.json({ threadId: result.value.threadId }, 201);
+  });
+
+  app.post("/:threadId/kill", async (c) => {
+    const threadId = c.req.param("threadId");
+    const result = await cmdKill(storageRoot, threadId);
+    if (!result.ok) {
+      return c.json({ error: result.error }, 400);
+    }
+    return c.json({ ok: true });
+  });
+
+  app.post("/:threadId/pause", async (c) => {
+    const threadId = c.req.param("threadId");
+    const result = await cmdPause(storageRoot, threadId);
+    if (!result.ok) {
+      return c.json({ error: result.error }, 400);
+    }
+    return c.json({ ok: true });
+  });
+
+  app.post("/:threadId/resume", async (c) => {
+    const threadId = c.req.param("threadId");
+    const result = await cmdResume(storageRoot, threadId);
+    if (!result.ok) {
+      return c.json({ error: result.error }, 400);
+    }
+    return c.json({ ok: true });
+  });
+
+  return app;
+}

packages/cli-workflow/src/commands/serve/routes-workflow.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+import {
+  getRegisteredWorkflow,
+  listRegisteredWorkflowNames,
+  readWorkflowRegistry,
+} from "@uncaged/workflow-register";
+import { Hono } from "hono";
+
+export function createWorkflowRoutes(storageRoot: string): Hono {
+  const app = new Hono();
+
+  app.get("/", async (c) => {
+    const reg = await readWorkflowRegistry(storageRoot);
+    if (!reg.ok) {
+      return c.json({ error: reg.error.message }, 500);
+    }
+    const names = listRegisteredWorkflowNames(reg.value);
+    const workflows = names.map((name) => {
+      const entry = reg.value.workflows[name];
+      return {
+        name,
+        hash: entry?.hash ?? null,
+        timestamp: entry?.timestamp ?? null,
+      };
+    });
+    return c.json({ workflows });
+  });
+
+  app.get("/:name", async (c) => {
+    const reg = await readWorkflowRegistry(storageRoot);
+    if (!reg.ok) {
+      return c.json({ error: reg.error.message }, 500);
+    }
+    const name = c.req.param("name");
+    const entry = getRegisteredWorkflow(reg.value, name);
+    if (entry === null) {
+      return c.json({ error: `workflow not found: ${name}` }, 404);
+    }
+    return c.json({ name, ...entry });
+  });
+
+  app.get("/:name/history", async (c) => {
+    const reg = await readWorkflowRegistry(storageRoot);
+    if (!reg.ok) {
+      return c.json({ error: reg.error.message }, 500);
+    }
+    const name = c.req.param("name");
+    const entry = getRegisteredWorkflow(reg.value, name);
+    if (entry === null) {
+      return c.json({ error: `workflow not found: ${name}` }, 404);
+    }
+    return c.json({ name, history: entry.history });
+  });
+
+  return app;
+}

packages/cli-workflow/src/commands/serve/serve.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,163 @@
+import { randomUUID } from "node:crypto";
+import { hostname as osHostname } from "node:os";
+import { err, ok, type Result } from "@uncaged/workflow-protocol";
+import { serve } from "bun";
+
+import { printCliLine } from "../../cli-output.js";
+import { createApp } from "./app.js";
+import {
+  registerWithGateway,
+  startHeartbeat,
+  startTunnel,
+  unregisterFromGateway,
+} from "./tunnel.js";
+import type { ServeOptions } from "./types.js";
+
+const DEFAULT_GATEWAY_URL = "https://workflow-gateway.shazhou.workers.dev";
+const HEARTBEAT_INTERVAL_MS = 60_000;
+
+export function startServer(
+  storageRoot: string,
+  options: ServeOptions,
+  agentToken: string | null,
+): void {
+  const app = createApp(storageRoot, agentToken);
+
+  const server = serve({
+    fetch: app.fetch,
+    port: options.port,
+    hostname: options.hostname,
+  });
+
+  printCliLine(`uncaged-workflow API server listening on http://${server.hostname}:${server.port}`);
+}
+
+function parsePortValue(value: string | undefined): Result<number, string> {
+  if (value === undefined) {
+    return err("--port requires a value");
+  }
+  const parsed = Number.parseInt(value, 10);
+  if (!Number.isFinite(parsed) || parsed < 0 || parsed > 65535) {
+    return err(`invalid port: ${value}`);
+  }
+  return ok(parsed);
+}
+
+function requireNextArg(argv: string[], i: number, flag: string): Result<string, string> {
+  const next = argv[i + 1];
+  if (next === undefined) {
+    return err(`${flag} requires a value`);
+  }
+  return ok(next);
+}
+
+function parseServeArgv(argv: string[]): Result<ServeOptions, string> {
+  let port = 7860;
+  let hostname = "127.0.0.1";
+  let name = osHostname().split(".")[0].toLowerCase();
+  let noTunnel = false;
+  let gatewayUrl = DEFAULT_GATEWAY_URL;
+  const gatewaySecret = process.env.WORKFLOW_GATEWAY_SECRET ?? "";
+  const stringFlags: Record<string, (v: string) => void> = {
+    "--host": (v) => {
+      hostname = v;
+    },
+    "--name": (v) => {
+      name = v;
+    },
+    "--gateway": (v) => {
+      gatewayUrl = v;
+    },
+  };
+
+  for (let i = 0; i < argv.length; i++) {
+    const arg = argv[i];
+    if (arg === "--port" || arg === "-p") {
+      const portResult = parsePortValue(argv[i + 1]);
+      if (!portResult.ok) return portResult;
+      port = portResult.value;
+      i++;
+    } else if (arg === "--no-tunnel") {
+      noTunnel = true;
+    } else if (arg in stringFlags) {
+      const r = requireNextArg(argv, i, arg);
+      if (!r.ok) return r;
+      stringFlags[arg](r.value);
+      i++;
+    }
+  }
+
+  return ok({ port, hostname, name, noTunnel, gatewayUrl, gatewaySecret });
+}
+
+export async function dispatchServe(storageRoot: string, argv: string[]): Promise<number> {
+  const parsed = parseServeArgv(argv);
+  if (!parsed.ok) {
+    printCliLine(`error: ${parsed.error}`);
+    return 1;
+  }
+
+  const options = parsed.value;
+  const agentToken = options.noTunnel ? null : randomUUID();
+  startServer(storageRoot, options, agentToken);
+
+  if (options.noTunnel) {
+    printCliLine("tunnel disabled (--no-tunnel)");
+    await new Promise(() => {});
+    return 0;
+  }
+
+  // Start cloudflared quick tunnel
+  printCliLine("starting cloudflared quick tunnel...");
+  const tunnel = await startTunnel(options.port);
+
+  if (!tunnel) {
+    printCliLine("failed to create tunnel — continuing without gateway registration");
+    await new Promise(() => {});
+    return 0;
+  }
+
+  printCliLine(`tunnel: ${tunnel.url}`);
+
+  // Register with gateway
+  if (options.gatewaySecret) {
+    const registered = await registerWithGateway(
+      options.gatewayUrl,
+      options.name,
+      tunnel.url,
+      options.gatewaySecret,
+      agentToken!,
+    );
+    if (registered) {
+      printCliLine(`registered with gateway as "${options.name}"`);
+    }
+
+    // Start heartbeat
+    const heartbeatTimer = startHeartbeat(
+      options.gatewayUrl,
+      options.name,
+      tunnel.url,
+      options.gatewaySecret,
+      agentToken!,
+      HEARTBEAT_INTERVAL_MS,
+    );
+
+    // Cleanup on exit
+    const cleanup = async () => {
+      clearInterval(heartbeatTimer);
+      printCliLine("unregistering from gateway...");
+      await unregisterFromGateway(options.gatewayUrl, options.name, options.gatewaySecret);
+      tunnel.process.kill();
+      process.exit(0);
+    };
+
+    process.on("SIGINT", cleanup);
+    process.on("SIGTERM", cleanup);
+  } else {
+    printCliLine("WORKFLOW_GATEWAY_SECRET not set — skipping gateway registration");
+  }
+
+  // Keep process alive
+  await new Promise(() => {});
+  return 0;
+}

packages/cli-workflow/src/commands/serve/tunnel.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+import { printCliLine } from "../../cli-output.js";
+
+type TunnelHandle = {
+  process: ReturnType<typeof Bun.spawn>;
+  url: string;
+};
+
+export async function startTunnel(port: number): Promise<TunnelHandle | null> {
+  const proc = Bun.spawn(["cloudflared", "tunnel", "--url", `http://localhost:${port}`], {
+    stdout: "pipe",
+    stderr: "pipe",
+  });
+
+  // cloudflared prints the URL to stderr
+  const reader = proc.stderr.getReader();
+  const decoder = new TextDecoder();
+  let buffer = "";
+  const deadline = Date.now() + 30_000;
+
+  while (Date.now() < deadline) {
+    const { done, value } = await reader.read();
+    if (done) break;
+    buffer += decoder.decode(value, { stream: true });
+    const match = buffer.match(/https:\/\/[a-z0-9-]+\.trycloudflare\.com/);
+    if (match) {
+      // Release the reader so stderr keeps flowing without backpressure
+      reader.releaseLock();
+      return { process: proc, url: match[0] };
+    }
+  }
+
+  reader.releaseLock();
+  proc.kill();
+  return null;
+}
+
+export async function registerWithGateway(
+  gatewayUrl: string,
+  name: string,
+  tunnelUrl: string,
+  secret: string,
+  agentToken: string,
+): Promise<boolean> {
+  try {
+    const resp = await fetch(`${gatewayUrl}/api/gateway/register`, {
+      method: "POST",
+      headers: { "Content-Type": "application/json" },
+      body: JSON.stringify({ name, url: tunnelUrl, secret, agentToken }),
+    });
+    if (!resp.ok) {
+      const body = await resp.text();
+      printCliLine(`gateway registration failed: ${resp.status} ${body}`);
+      return false;
+    }
+    return true;
+  } catch (e) {
+    printCliLine(`gateway registration error: ${e}`);
+    return false;
+  }
+}
+
+export async function unregisterFromGateway(
+  gatewayUrl: string,
+  name: string,
+  secret: string,
+): Promise<void> {
+  try {
+    await fetch(`${gatewayUrl}/api/gateway/register/${name}`, {
+      method: "DELETE",
+      headers: { Authorization: `Bearer ${secret}` },
+    });
+  } catch {
+    // Best effort — process is exiting
+  }
+}
+
+export function startHeartbeat(
+  gatewayUrl: string,
+  name: string,
+  tunnelUrl: string,
+  secret: string,
+  agentToken: string,
+  intervalMs: number,
+): ReturnType<typeof setInterval> {
+  return setInterval(() => {
+    registerWithGateway(gatewayUrl, name, tunnelUrl, secret, agentToken).catch(() => {});
+  }, intervalMs);
+}

packages/cli-workflow/src/commands/serve/types.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+export type ServeOptions = {
+  port: number;
+  hostname: string;
+  name: string;
+  noTunnel: boolean;
+  gatewayUrl: string;
+  gatewaySecret: string;
+};

packages/cli-workflow/src/commands/thread/control.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import type { Result } from "@uncaged/workflow";
+import type { Result } from "@uncaged/workflow-protocol";
 
 import {
   readWorkerCtl,

packages/cli-workflow/src/commands/thread/dispatch.ts

@@ -26,12 +26,7 @@ export async function dispatchRun(storageRoot: string, argv: string[]): Promise<
     return 1;
   }
 
-  const result = await cmdRun(
-    storageRoot,
-    parsed.value.name,
-    parsed.value.prompt,
-    parsed.value.maxRounds,
-  );
+  const result = await cmdRun(storageRoot, parsed.value.name, parsed.value.prompt);
   if (!result.ok) {
     printCliError(result.error);
     return 1;
@@ -166,7 +161,7 @@ export async function dispatchFork(storageRoot: string, argv: string[]): Promise
 export const THREAD_SUBCOMMAND_TABLE: Record<string, CommandEntry> = {
   run: {
     handler: dispatchRun,
-    args: "<name> [--prompt <text>] [--max-rounds N]",
+    args: "<name> [--prompt <text>]",
     description: "Start a new thread executing a workflow",
   },
   list: {

packages/cli-workflow/src/commands/thread/fork-argv.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { err, ok, type Result } from "@uncaged/workflow";
+import { err, ok, type Result } from "@uncaged/workflow-protocol";
 
 import type { ParsedForkArgv } from "./types.js";
 

packages/cli-workflow/src/commands/thread/fork.ts

@@ -1,9 +1,11 @@
 import { join } from "node:path";
+import { createCasStore } from "@uncaged/workflow-cas";
+import { prepareCasFork } from "@uncaged/workflow-execute";
+import { err, ok, type Result } from "@uncaged/workflow-protocol";
+import { generateUlid, getGlobalCasDir } from "@uncaged/workflow-util";
 
-import { buildForkPlan, err, generateUlid, ok, type Result } from "@uncaged/workflow";
-
-import { pathExists, readTextFileIfExists } from "../../fs-utils.js";
-import { resolveThreadDataPath } from "../../thread-scan.js";
+import { pathExists } from "../../fs-utils.js";
+import { resolveThreadRecord } from "../../thread-scan.js";
 import { ensureWorkerForHash, sendWorkerTcpCommand } from "../../worker-spawn.js";
 
 export async function cmdFork(
@@ -11,49 +13,51 @@ export async function cmdFork(
   threadId: string,
   fromRole: string | null,
 ): Promise<Result<{ threadId: string }, string>> {
-  const dataPath = await resolveThreadDataPath(storageRoot, threadId);
-  if (dataPath === null) {
+  const resolved = await resolveThreadRecord(storageRoot, threadId);
+  if (resolved === null) {
     return err(`thread not found: ${threadId}`);
   }
-  const text = await readTextFileIfExists(dataPath);
-  if (text === null) {
-    return err(`thread data missing: ${threadId}`);
+
+  const bundlePath = join(storageRoot, "bundles", `${resolved.bundleHash}.esm.js`);
+  if (!(await pathExists(bundlePath))) {
+    return err(`bundle file missing for thread hash ${resolved.bundleHash}`);
   }
 
-  const plan = buildForkPlan(text, fromRole);
+  const cas = createCasStore(getGlobalCasDir(storageRoot));
+  const newThreadId = generateUlid(Date.now());
+
+  const plan = await prepareCasFork({
+    cas,
+    bundleDir: resolved.bundleDir,
+    bundleHash: resolved.bundleHash,
+    sourceThreadId: threadId,
+    headHash: resolved.head,
+    startHash: resolved.start,
+    newThreadId,
+    fromRole,
+  });
   if (!plan.ok) {
     return plan;
   }
 
-  const bundlePath = join(storageRoot, "bundles", `${plan.value.hash}.esm.js`);
-  if (!(await pathExists(bundlePath))) {
-    return err(`bundle file missing for thread hash ${plan.value.hash}`);
-  }
-
   const worker = await ensureWorkerForHash(storageRoot, plan.value.hash, bundlePath);
   if (!worker.ok) {
     return worker;
   }
 
-  const newThreadId = generateUlid(Date.now());
-  const stepsOnWire = plan.value.historicalSteps.map((s) => ({
-    role: s.role,
-    contentHash: s.contentHash,
-    meta: s.meta,
-    refs: s.refs,
-    timestamp: s.timestamp,
-  }));
-
+  const p = plan.value;
   const sent = await sendWorkerTcpCommand(
     worker.value.port,
     {
       type: "run",
       threadId: newThreadId,
-      workflowName: plan.value.workflowName,
-      prompt: plan.value.prompt,
-      options: plan.value.runOptions,
-      steps: stepsOnWire,
-      forkSourceThreadId: plan.value.sourceThreadId,
+      workflowName: p.workflowName,
+      prompt: p.prompt,
+      options: p.runOptions,
+      steps: p.steps,
+      stepTimestamps: p.stepTimestamps.length > 0 ? p.stepTimestamps : null,
+      forkSourceThreadId: threadId,
+      forkContinuation: p.forkContinuation,
     },
     { awaitResponseLine: false },
   );

packages/cli-workflow/src/commands/thread/list.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { err, ok, type Result } from "@uncaged/workflow";
+import { err, ok, type Result } from "@uncaged/workflow-protocol";
 
 import { listHistoricalThreads } from "../../thread-scan.js";
 import { validateCliWorkflowName } from "../../workflow-name.js";

packages/cli-workflow/src/commands/thread/live.ts

@@ -1,22 +1,26 @@
 import { watch } from "node:fs";
-import { readFile } from "node:fs/promises";
+import { mkdir, readFile } from "node:fs/promises";
 import { dirname, join } from "node:path";
-
+import { createCasStore, getContentMerklePayload } from "@uncaged/workflow-cas";
 import {
-  type CasStore,
-  createCasStore,
-  getContentMerklePayload,
-  getGlobalCasDir,
-  tryParseRoleStepRecord,
-  tryParseWorkflowResultRecord,
-  type WorkflowCompletion,
-} from "@uncaged/workflow";
+  FORK_BRANCH_ROLE,
+  readThreadsIndex,
+  type ThreadIndex,
+  walkStateFramesNewestFirst,
+} from "@uncaged/workflow-execute";
+import type { CasStore, WorkflowCompletion } from "@uncaged/workflow-protocol";
+import { END } from "@uncaged/workflow-runtime";
+import { getGlobalCasDir } from "@uncaged/workflow-util";
 
 import { dimGreyLine, highlightLiveRole } from "../../cli-color.js";
 import { printCliError, printCliLine } from "../../cli-output.js";
 import { pathExists } from "../../fs-utils.js";
 import type { ParsedLiveArgv } from "../../live-argv.js";
-import { findLatestThreadDataPath, resolveThreadDataPath } from "../../thread-scan.js";
+import {
+  findLatestThreadBundleTarget,
+  type LatestThreadTarget,
+  resolveThreadRecord,
+} from "../../thread-scan.js";
 import type { LiveRoleRow } from "./types.js";
 
 export const LIVE_CONTENT_MAX_LINES = 10;
@@ -54,16 +58,15 @@ function printSummary(result: WorkflowCompletion): void {
   printCliLine(`completed: returnCode=${result.returnCode} — ${result.summary}`);
 }
 
-type LiveSessionState = {
-  sawStart: boolean;
-  completed: boolean;
+type InfoLiveState = {
   carry: string;
   contentOffset: number;
 };
 
-type InfoLiveState = {
-  carry: string;
-  contentOffset: number;
+type CasLiveState = {
+  printedHashes: Set<string>;
+  lastHead: string | null;
+  completionEmitted: boolean;
 };
 
 function tryParseInfoRecord(obj: Record<string, unknown>): {
@@ -85,102 +88,140 @@ function tryParseInfoRecord(obj: Record<string, unknown>): {
   return { tag, content, timestamp };
 }
 
-async function handleJsonlLine(
-  rawLine: string,
-  state: LiveSessionState,
-  roleFilter: string | null,
-  cas: CasStore,
-): Promise<{ parseError: string | null; workflowResult: WorkflowCompletion | null }> {
-  const trimmed = rawLine.trim();
-  if (trimmed === "") {
-    return { parseError: null, workflowResult: null };
+function completionFromEndMeta(meta: Record<string, unknown>): WorkflowCompletion | null {
+  const returnCode = meta.returnCode;
+  const summary = meta.summary;
+  if (typeof returnCode !== "number" || typeof summary !== "string") {
+    return null;
   }
+  return { returnCode, summary };
+}
 
-  let rec: unknown;
-  try {
-    rec = JSON.parse(trimmed) as unknown;
-  } catch {
-    return { parseError: "invalid JSON in thread data file", workflowResult: null };
+async function emitRoleStepPrint(params: {
+  cas: CasStore;
+  role: string;
+  contentHash: string;
+  meta: Record<string, unknown>;
+  timestamp: number;
+  roleFilter: string | null;
+}): Promise<void> {
+  if (params.roleFilter !== null && params.role !== params.roleFilter) {
+    return;
   }
-  if (rec === null || typeof rec !== "object") {
-    return { parseError: "invalid record in thread data file", workflowResult: null };
-  }
-  const obj = rec as Record<string, unknown>;
-
-  if (!state.sawStart) {
-    state.sawStart = true;
-    return { parseError: null, workflowResult: null };
-  }
-
-  const wf = tryParseWorkflowResultRecord(obj);
-  if (wf !== null) {
-    state.completed = true;
-    return { parseError: null, workflowResult: wf };
-  }
-
-  const roleRow = tryParseRoleStepRecord(obj);
-  if (roleRow === null) {
-    return {
-      parseError: "unrecognized record in thread data (expected role step or result)",
-      workflowResult: null,
-    };
-  }
-
-  if (roleFilter !== null && roleRow.role !== roleFilter) {
-    return { parseError: null, workflowResult: null };
-  }
-
-  const payload = await getContentMerklePayload(cas, roleRow.contentHash);
+  const payload = await getContentMerklePayload(params.cas, params.contentHash);
   const content =
-    payload !== null ? payload : `(content not in CAS; contentHash=${roleRow.contentHash})`;
+    payload !== null ? payload : `(content not in CAS; contentHash=${params.contentHash})`;
 
   const row: LiveRoleRow = {
-    role: roleRow.role,
+    role: params.role,
     content,
-    meta: roleRow.meta,
-    timestamp: roleRow.timestamp,
+    meta: params.meta,
+    timestamp: params.timestamp,
   };
   for (const outLine of renderLiveRoleStepLines(row, highlightLiveRole(row.role))) {
     printCliLine(outLine);
   }
-  return { parseError: null, workflowResult: null };
 }
 
-async function pumpNewContent(
-  dataPath: string,
-  state: LiveSessionState,
-  roleFilter: string | null,
-  cas: CasStore,
-): Promise<number | null> {
-  let text: string;
+async function emitStatesReachableFromHead(params: {
+  cas: CasStore;
+  headHash: string;
+  state: CasLiveState;
+  roleFilter: string | null;
+}): Promise<WorkflowCompletion | null> {
+  const frames = await walkStateFramesNewestFirst(params.cas, params.headHash);
+  const chronological = [...frames].reverse();
+
+  for (const fr of chronological) {
+    if (params.state.printedHashes.has(fr.hash)) {
+      continue;
+    }
+    params.state.printedHashes.add(fr.hash);
+
+    const role = fr.payload.role;
+    if (role === FORK_BRANCH_ROLE) {
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    if (role === END) {
+      const wf = completionFromEndMeta(fr.payload.meta);
+      if (wf !== null) {
+        printSummary(wf);
+        return wf;
+      }
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    await emitRoleStepPrint({
+      cas: params.cas,
+      role,
+      contentHash: fr.payload.content,
+      meta: fr.payload.meta,
+      timestamp: fr.payload.timestamp,
+      roleFilter: params.roleFilter,
+    });
+  }
+
+  return null;
+}
+
+async function pumpThreadsJson(params: {
+  storageRoot: string;
+  bundleDir: string;
+  bundleHash: string;
+  threadId: string;
+  state: CasLiveState;
+  roleFilter: string | null;
+  cas: CasStore;
+}): Promise<number | null> {
+  let idx: ThreadIndex;
   try {
-    text = await readFile(dataPath, "utf8");
+    idx = await readThreadsIndex(params.bundleDir);
   } catch {
-    return null;
+    idx = {};
   }
 
-  if (text.length < state.contentOffset) {
-    state.contentOffset = 0;
-    state.carry = "";
+  const active = idx[params.threadId];
+
+  if (active === undefined) {
+    if (params.state.completionEmitted) {
+      return null;
+    }
+    const hist = await resolveThreadRecord(params.storageRoot, params.threadId);
+    if (hist === null || hist.source !== "history") {
+      return null;
+    }
+    params.state.completionEmitted = true;
+    const wf = await emitStatesReachableFromHead({
+      cas: params.cas,
+      headHash: hist.head,
+      state: params.state,
+      roleFilter: params.roleFilter,
+    });
+    return wf !== null ? 0 : null;
   }
 
-  const chunk = text.slice(state.contentOffset);
-  state.contentOffset = text.length;
-  state.carry += chunk;
+  const head = active.head;
+  if (params.state.lastHead === null) {
+    params.state.lastHead = head;
+    const wf = await emitStatesReachableFromHead({
+      cas: params.cas,
+      headHash: head,
+      state: params.state,
+      roleFilter: params.roleFilter,
+    });
+    return wf !== null ? 0 : null;
+  }
 
-  const parts = state.carry.split("\n");
-  state.carry = parts.pop() ?? "";
-
-  for (const line of parts) {
-    const { parseError, workflowResult } = await handleJsonlLine(line, state, roleFilter, cas);
-    if (parseError !== null) {
-      printCliError(parseError);
-      return 1;
-    }
-    if (workflowResult !== null) {
-      printSummary(workflowResult);
-      return 0;
-    }
+  if (head !== params.state.lastHead) {
+    params.state.lastHead = head;
+    const wf = await emitStatesReachableFromHead({
+      cas: params.cas,
+      headHash: head,
+      state: params.state,
+      roleFilter: params.roleFilter,
+    });
+    return wf !== null ? 0 : null;
   }
 
   return null;
@@ -297,9 +338,9 @@ function watchLivePaths(params: { tasks: WatchPumpTask[]; signal: AbortSignal })
         schedulePump(path, pump);
       });
       watchers.push(watcher);
-      watcher.on("error", (err: Error) => {
+      watcher.on("error", (errObj: Error) => {
         closeAll();
-        reject(err);
+        reject(errObj);
       });
     }
 
@@ -315,17 +356,14 @@ function watchLivePaths(params: { tasks: WatchPumpTask[]; signal: AbortSignal })
   });
 }
 
-type LiveThreadTarget = {
-  threadId: string;
-  dataPath: string;
-};
+type LiveThreadTarget = LatestThreadTarget;
 
 async function resolveLiveThreadTarget(
   storageRoot: string,
   parsed: ParsedLiveArgv,
 ): Promise<LiveThreadTarget | null> {
   if (parsed.latest) {
-    const found = await findLatestThreadDataPath(storageRoot);
+    const found = await findLatestThreadBundleTarget(storageRoot);
     if (found === null) {
       printCliError("live: no threads found");
       return null;
@@ -338,36 +376,56 @@ async function resolveLiveThreadTarget(
     printCliError("live: internal error: missing thread id");
     return null;
   }
-  const resolved = await resolveThreadDataPath(storageRoot, id);
+  const resolved = await resolveThreadRecord(storageRoot, id);
   if (resolved === null) {
     printCliError(`thread not found: ${id}`);
     return null;
   }
-  return { threadId: id, dataPath: resolved };
+  return {
+    threadId: id,
+    bundleHash: resolved.bundleHash,
+    bundleDir: resolved.bundleDir,
+    threadsJsonPath: join(resolved.bundleDir, "threads.json"),
+  };
 }
 
 async function buildLiveWatchTasks(params: {
-  dataPath: string;
-  infoPath: string;
+  storageRoot: string;
+  target: LiveThreadTarget;
   debug: boolean;
-  dataState: LiveSessionState;
+  dataState: CasLiveState;
   infoState: InfoLiveState;
   roleFilter: string | null;
   cas: CasStore;
 }): Promise<WatchPumpTask[]> {
-  const { dataPath, infoPath, debug, dataState, infoState, roleFilter, cas } = params;
+  const infoPath = join(
+    params.storageRoot,
+    "logs",
+    params.target.bundleHash,
+    `${params.target.threadId}.info.jsonl`,
+  );
+
   const tasks: WatchPumpTask[] = [
     {
-      path: dataPath,
-      pump: () => pumpNewContent(dataPath, dataState, roleFilter, cas),
+      path: params.target.threadsJsonPath,
+      pump: () =>
+        pumpThreadsJson({
+          storageRoot: params.storageRoot,
+          bundleDir: params.target.bundleDir,
+          bundleHash: params.target.bundleHash,
+          threadId: params.target.threadId,
+          state: params.dataState,
+          roleFilter: params.roleFilter,
+          cas: params.cas,
+        }),
     },
   ];
 
-  if (debug && (await pathExists(infoPath))) {
+  if (params.debug && (await pathExists(infoPath))) {
     tasks.push({
       path: infoPath,
       pump: async () => {
-        await pumpNewInfoContent(infoPath, infoState);
+        await pumpNewInfoContent(infoPath, params.infoState);
         return null;
       },
     });
@@ -382,16 +440,13 @@ export async function cmdLive(storageRoot: string, parsed: ParsedLiveArgv): Prom
     return 1;
   }
 
-  const { threadId, dataPath } = target;
   const roleFilter = parsed.role;
-  const infoPath = join(dirname(dataPath), `${threadId}.info.jsonl`);
   const cas = createCasStore(getGlobalCasDir(storageRoot));
 
-  const dataState: LiveSessionState = {
-    sawStart: false,
-    completed: false,
-    carry: "",
-    contentOffset: 0,
+  const dataState: CasLiveState = {
+    printedHashes: new Set<string>(),
+    lastHead: null,
+    completionEmitted: false,
   };
 
   const infoState: InfoLiveState = {
@@ -406,22 +461,29 @@ export async function cmdLive(storageRoot: string, parsed: ParsedLiveArgv): Prom
   process.on("SIGINT", onSigInt);
 
   try {
-    const firstData = await pumpNewContent(dataPath, dataState, roleFilter, cas);
-    if (firstData === 1) {
-      return 1;
-    }
+    await mkdir(dirname(target.threadsJsonPath), { recursive: true });
 
+    const firstData = await pumpThreadsJson({
+      storageRoot,
+      bundleDir: target.bundleDir,
+      bundleHash: target.bundleHash,
+      threadId: target.threadId,
+      state: dataState,
+      roleFilter,
+      cas,
+    });
+    const infoPath = join(storageRoot, "logs", target.bundleHash, `${target.threadId}.info.jsonl`);
     if (parsed.debug && (await pathExists(infoPath))) {
       await pumpNewInfoContent(infoPath, infoState);
     }
 
-    if (firstData === 0 || dataState.completed) {
+    if (firstData === 0) {
       return 0;
     }
 
     const tasks = await buildLiveWatchTasks({
-      dataPath,
-      infoPath,
+      storageRoot,
+      target,
       debug: parsed.debug,
       dataState,
       infoState,

packages/cli-workflow/src/commands/thread/rm.ts

@@ -1,24 +1,35 @@
 import { unlink } from "node:fs/promises";
-import { dirname, join } from "node:path";
+import { join } from "node:path";
+import {
+  garbageCollectCas,
+  removeThreadEntry,
+  removeThreadHistoryEntries,
+} from "@uncaged/workflow-execute";
+import { err, ok, type Result } from "@uncaged/workflow-protocol";
 
-import { err, garbageCollectCas, ok, type Result } from "@uncaged/workflow";
-
-import { resolveThreadDataPath } from "../../thread-scan.js";
+import { resolveThreadRecord } from "../../thread-scan.js";
 
 export async function cmdThreadRemove(
   storageRoot: string,
   threadId: string,
 ): Promise<Result<void, string>> {
-  const dataPath = await resolveThreadDataPath(storageRoot, threadId);
-  if (dataPath === null) {
+  const resolved = await resolveThreadRecord(storageRoot, threadId);
+  if (resolved === null) {
     return err(`thread not found: ${threadId}`);
   }
 
-  const dir = dirname(dataPath);
-  const infoPath = join(dir, `${threadId}.info.jsonl`);
-  const runningPath = join(dir, `${threadId}.running`);
+  if (resolved.source === "active") {
+    await removeThreadEntry(resolved.bundleDir, threadId);
+  } else {
+    const hist = await removeThreadHistoryEntries(resolved.bundleDir, threadId);
+    if (!hist.ok) {
+      return hist;
+    }
+  }
+
+  const infoPath = join(storageRoot, "logs", resolved.bundleHash, `${threadId}.info.jsonl`);
+  const runningPath = join(storageRoot, "logs", resolved.bundleHash, `${threadId}.running`);
 
-  await unlink(dataPath);
   await unlink(infoPath).catch(() => {});
   await unlink(runningPath).catch(() => {});
 

packages/cli-workflow/src/commands/thread/run.ts

@@ -1,13 +1,8 @@
 import { join } from "node:path";
 
-import {
-  err,
-  generateUlid,
-  getRegisteredWorkflow,
-  ok,
-  type Result,
-  readWorkflowRegistry,
-} from "@uncaged/workflow";
+import { err, ok, type Result } from "@uncaged/workflow-protocol";
+import { getRegisteredWorkflow, readWorkflowRegistry } from "@uncaged/workflow-register";
+import { generateUlid } from "@uncaged/workflow-util";
 import { ensureWorkerForHash, sendWorkerTcpCommand } from "../../worker-spawn.js";
 import { validateCliWorkflowName } from "../../workflow-name.js";
 
@@ -15,7 +10,6 @@ export async function cmdRun(
   storageRoot: string,
   name: string,
   prompt: string,
-  maxRounds: number,
 ): Promise<Result<{ threadId: string }, string>> {
   const nameOk = validateCliWorkflowName(name);
   if (!nameOk.ok) {
@@ -46,7 +40,7 @@ export async function cmdRun(
       threadId,
       workflowName: name,
       prompt,
-      options: { maxRounds, depth: 0 },
+      options: { depth: 0 },
     },
     { awaitResponseLine: false },
   );

packages/cli-workflow/src/commands/thread/show.ts

@@ -1,19 +1,49 @@
-import { err, ok, type Result } from "@uncaged/workflow";
+import { createCasStore, getContentMerklePayload } from "@uncaged/workflow-cas";
+import { FORK_BRANCH_ROLE, walkStateFramesNewestFirst } from "@uncaged/workflow-execute";
+import { err, ok, type Result } from "@uncaged/workflow-protocol";
+import { END } from "@uncaged/workflow-runtime";
+import { getGlobalCasDir } from "@uncaged/workflow-util";
 
-import { readTextFileIfExists } from "../../fs-utils.js";
-import { resolveThreadDataPath } from "../../thread-scan.js";
+import { resolveThreadRecord } from "../../thread-scan.js";
 
 export async function cmdThreadShow(
   storageRoot: string,
   threadId: string,
 ): Promise<Result<string, string>> {
-  const dataPath = await resolveThreadDataPath(storageRoot, threadId);
-  if (dataPath === null) {
+  const resolved = await resolveThreadRecord(storageRoot, threadId);
+  if (resolved === null) {
     return err(`thread not found: ${threadId}`);
   }
-  const text = await readTextFileIfExists(dataPath);
-  if (text === null) {
-    return err(`thread data missing: ${threadId}`);
+
+  const cas = createCasStore(getGlobalCasDir(storageRoot));
+  const frames = await walkStateFramesNewestFirst(cas, resolved.head);
+  const chronological = [...frames].reverse();
+
+  const steps: Array<{ role: string; hash: string; timestamp: number; content: string }> = [];
+  for (const fr of chronological) {
+    if (fr.payload.role === END || fr.payload.role === FORK_BRANCH_ROLE) {
+      continue;
+    }
+    const payloadText = await getContentMerklePayload(cas, fr.payload.content);
+    steps.push({
+      role: fr.payload.role,
+      hash: fr.hash,
+      timestamp: fr.payload.timestamp,
+      content:
+        payloadText !== null
+          ? payloadText
+          : `(content not in CAS; contentHash=${fr.payload.content})`,
+    });
   }
-  return ok(text.endsWith("\n") ? text.slice(0, -1) : text);
+
+  const payload = {
+    threadId: resolved.threadId,
+    bundleHash: resolved.bundleHash,
+    head: resolved.head,
+    start: resolved.start,
+    source: resolved.source,
+    steps,
+  };
+
+  return ok(JSON.stringify(payload, null, 2));
 }

packages/cli-workflow/src/commands/workflow/add-argv.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { err, ok, type Result } from "@uncaged/workflow";
+import { err, ok, type Result } from "@uncaged/workflow-protocol";
 
 import type { ParsedAddArgv } from "./types.js";
 

packages/cli-workflow/src/commands/workflow/add.ts

@@ -1,18 +1,15 @@
 import { readFile, stat } from "node:fs/promises";
 import { basename, resolve } from "node:path";
-
+import { hashWorkflowBundleBytes } from "@uncaged/workflow-cas";
+import { err, ok, type Result } from "@uncaged/workflow-protocol";
 import {
-  err,
   extractBundleExports,
-  hashWorkflowBundleBytes,
-  ok,
-  type Result,
   readWorkflowRegistry,
   registerWorkflowVersion,
   stringifyWorkflowDescriptor,
   validateWorkflowBundle,
   writeWorkflowRegistry,
-} from "@uncaged/workflow";
+} from "@uncaged/workflow-register";
 
 import { storeWorkflowBundleArtifacts } from "../../bundle-store.js";
 import { validateCliWorkflowName } from "../../workflow-name.js";

packages/cli-workflow/src/commands/workflow/dispatch.ts

@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ export const WORKFLOW_SUBCOMMAND_TABLE: Record<string, CommandEntry> = {
 };
 
 export function createWorkflowDispatcher(deps: WorkflowDispatchDeps) {
-  const { dispatchGroup, printDeprecation } = deps;
+  const { dispatchGroup } = deps;
   return async function dispatchWorkflow(storageRoot: string, argv: string[]): Promise<number> {
     const result = dispatchGroup("workflow", WORKFLOW_SUBCOMMAND_TABLE, storageRoot, argv);
     if (result !== null) {
@@ -150,7 +150,6 @@ export function createWorkflowDispatcher(deps: WorkflowDispatchDeps) {
     }
     const sub = argv[0];
     if (sub === "remove") {
-      printDeprecation("workflow remove", "workflow rm");
       return dispatchRemove(storageRoot, argv.slice(1));
     }
     printCliError(`${usageText()}\n\nerror: unknown workflow subcommand: ${sub}`);

packages/cli-workflow/src/commands/workflow/history.ts

@@ -1,10 +1,5 @@
-import {
-  err,
-  getRegisteredWorkflow,
-  ok,
-  type Result,
-  readWorkflowRegistry,
-} from "@uncaged/workflow";
+import { err, ok, type Result } from "@uncaged/workflow-protocol";
+import { getRegisteredWorkflow, readWorkflowRegistry } from "@uncaged/workflow-register";
 
 import { validateCliWorkflowName } from "../../workflow-name.js";
 

packages/cli-workflow/src/commands/workflow/list.ts

@@ -1,11 +1,9 @@
+import { err, ok, type Result } from "@uncaged/workflow-protocol";
 import {
-  err,
   listRegisteredWorkflowNames,
-  ok,
-  type Result,
   readWorkflowRegistry,
   type WorkflowRegistryFile,
-} from "@uncaged/workflow";
+} from "@uncaged/workflow-register";
 
 export async function cmdList(storageRoot: string): Promise<Result<WorkflowRegistryFile, string>> {
   const reg = await readWorkflowRegistry(storageRoot);

packages/cli-workflow/src/commands/workflow/rm.ts

@@ -1,11 +1,9 @@
+import { err, ok, type Result } from "@uncaged/workflow-protocol";
 import {
-  err,
-  ok,
-  type Result,
   readWorkflowRegistry,
   unregisterWorkflow,
   writeWorkflowRegistry,
-} from "@uncaged/workflow";
+} from "@uncaged/workflow-register";
 
 import { validateCliWorkflowName } from "../../workflow-name.js";
 

packages/cli-workflow/src/commands/workflow/rollback.ts

@@ -1,14 +1,12 @@
 import { join } from "node:path";
 
+import { err, ok, type Result } from "@uncaged/workflow-protocol";
 import {
-  err,
   getRegisteredWorkflow,
-  ok,
-  type Result,
   readWorkflowRegistry,
   rollbackWorkflowToHistoryHash,
   writeWorkflowRegistry,
-} from "@uncaged/workflow";
+} from "@uncaged/workflow-register";
 
 import { pathExists } from "../../fs-utils.js";
 import { validateCliWorkflowName } from "../../workflow-name.js";

packages/cli-workflow/src/commands/workflow/show.ts

@@ -1,11 +1,9 @@
+import { err, ok, type Result } from "@uncaged/workflow-protocol";
 import {
-  err,
   getRegisteredWorkflow,
-  ok,
-  type Result,
   readWorkflowRegistry,
   type WorkflowRegistryEntry,
-} from "@uncaged/workflow";
+} from "@uncaged/workflow-register";
 import { stringify } from "yaml";
 
 import { validateCliWorkflowName } from "../../workflow-name.js";

packages/cli-workflow/src/commands/workflow/types.ts

@@ -14,5 +14,4 @@ export type CmdAddSuccess = {
 
 export type WorkflowDispatchDeps = {
   dispatchGroup: DispatchGroupFn;
-  printDeprecation: (oldCmd: string, newCmd: string) => void;
 };

packages/cli-workflow/src/live-argv.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { err, ok, type Result } from "@uncaged/workflow";
+import { err, ok, type Result } from "@uncaged/workflow-protocol";
 
 export type ParsedLiveArgv = {
   threadId: string | null;

packages/cli-workflow/src/run-argv.ts

@@ -1,14 +1,14 @@
-import { err, ok, type Result } from "@uncaged/workflow";
+import { err, ok, type Result } from "@uncaged/workflow-protocol";
 
 export type ParsedRunArgv = {
   name: string;
   prompt: string;
-  maxRounds: number;
 };
 
-type FlagOk = { kind: "prompt"; value: string } | { kind: "max-rounds"; value: number };
-
-function parseFlagAt(argv: string[], index: number): Result<FlagOk, string> | null {
+function parseFlagAt(
+  argv: string[],
+  index: number,
+): Result<{ kind: "prompt"; value: string }, string> | null {
   const flag = argv[index];
   if (flag === "--prompt") {
     const value = argv[index + 1];
@@ -17,24 +17,12 @@ function parseFlagAt(argv: string[], index: number): Result<FlagOk, string> | nu
     }
     return ok({ kind: "prompt", value });
   }
-  if (flag === "--max-rounds") {
-    const value = argv[index + 1];
-    if (value === undefined) {
-      return err("missing value for --max-rounds");
-    }
-    const n = Number(value);
-    if (!Number.isFinite(n) || !Number.isInteger(n) || n < 0) {
-      return err("--max-rounds must be a non-negative integer");
-    }
-    return ok({ kind: "max-rounds", value: n });
-  }
   return null;
 }
 
 export function parseRunArgv(argv: string[]): Result<ParsedRunArgv, string> {
   let name: string | undefined;
   let prompt = "";
-  let maxRounds = 5;
 
   let i = 0;
   const first = argv[0];
@@ -54,12 +42,7 @@ export function parseRunArgv(argv: string[]): Result<ParsedRunArgv, string> {
     }
 
     const flag = parsed.value;
-    if (flag.kind === "prompt") {
-      prompt = flag.value;
-      i += 2;
-      continue;
-    }
-    maxRounds = flag.value;
+    prompt = flag.value;
     i += 2;
   }
 
@@ -67,5 +50,5 @@ export function parseRunArgv(argv: string[]): Result<ParsedRunArgv, string> {
     return err("run requires <name>");
   }
 
-  return ok({ name, prompt, maxRounds });
+  return ok({ name, prompt });
 }

packages/cli-workflow/src/skill.ts

@@ -70,8 +70,8 @@ function formatSkillCli(): string {
 |---------|-------------|
 | **Workflow** | A single-file ESM bundle (\`.esm.js\`) that exports \`run\` and \`descriptor\`. Identified by name and XXH64 hash. |
 | **Bundle** | The physical \`.esm.js\` file stored in the bundles directory. Immutable once written. |
-| **Thread** | A single execution of a workflow, identified by a ULID. Persists state as JSONL files. |
-| **CAS** | Content-Addressable Storage. Per-thread key-value store keyed by content hash. |
+| **Thread** | A single execution of a workflow, identified by a ULID. CAS state chain; \`threads.json\` for active; \`history/*.jsonl\` when done; \`.info.jsonl\` for debug logs. |
+| **CAS** | Global content-addressable blob store (\`cas/\`), keyed by hash. |
 | **Registry** | \`workflow.yaml\` — maps workflow names to their current and historical bundle hashes. |
 
 ## Commands
@@ -85,6 +85,12 @@ ${commandSections.join("\n\n")}
 | \`run\` | \`thread run\` | Shortcut to start a thread |
 | \`live\` | \`thread live\` | Shortcut to attach to a thread |
 
+### serve
+
+| Command | Args | Description |
+|---------|------|-------------|
+| \`serve\` | \`[--port N] [--host ADDR] [--name NAME]\` | Start HTTP API server with auto-tunnel. \`--name\` registers with the gateway. |
+
 ## Typical Workflow
 
 1. \`uncaged-workflow workflow add my-wf ./my-wf.esm.js\` — register a workflow
@@ -92,6 +98,15 @@ ${commandSections.join("\n\n")}
 3. \`uncaged-workflow live --latest\` — attach and watch output
 4. \`uncaged-workflow thread show <thread-id>\` — inspect completed thread
 
+## Thread Status
+
+| Status | Meaning |
+|--------|---------|
+| \`running\` | Worker process is alive (\`.running\` marker + live PID) |
+| \`active\` | In \`threads.json\` but not currently running (paused or waiting) |
+| \`completed\` | Finished with \`returnCode === 0\` (has \`__end__\` frame in CAS) |
+| \`failed\` | Finished with non-zero return code, or worker crashed (dead PID / no ctl) |
+
 ## Exit Codes
 
 | Code | Meaning |
@@ -103,7 +118,9 @@ ${commandSections.join("\n\n")}
 
 | Variable | Description |
 |----------|-------------|
-| \`UNCAGED_WORKFLOW_STORAGE_ROOT\` | Override the default storage directory for all workflow data |
+| \`WORKFLOW_STORAGE_ROOT\` | Override the default storage directory for all workflow data |
+| \`UNCAGED_WORKFLOW_STORAGE_ROOT\` | Same as above (takes priority) |
+| \`WORKFLOW_LLM_API_KEY\` | API key for LLM calls during workflow execution |
 `;
 }
 
@@ -200,10 +217,8 @@ Each role has:
 |-------|------|---------|
 | \`description\` | string | What the role does |
 | \`systemPrompt\` | string | System prompt for the agent |
-| \`extractPrompt\` | string | Instruction for extracting structured meta |
 | \`schema\` | ZodSchema | Validates the extracted meta |
 | \`extractRefs\` | fn or null | Extracts CAS hashes from meta for DAG linking |
-| \`extractMode\` | "single" | Extraction mode |
 
 ## Development Workflow
 
@@ -229,10 +244,3 @@ uncaged-workflow live --latest
 Bundles are immutable and identified by XXH64 hash. Re-registering a workflow with a new bundle creates a new version. Use \`workflow history\` and \`workflow rollback\` to manage versions.
 `;
 }
-
-// ── Legacy compat ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────
-
-/** @deprecated Use formatSkillTopic("cli") instead */
-export function formatSkillDoc(): string {
-  return formatSkillCli();
-}

packages/cli-workflow/src/storage-env.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { getDefaultWorkflowStorageRoot } from "@uncaged/workflow";
+import { getDefaultWorkflowStorageRoot } from "@uncaged/workflow-util";
 
 /**
  * Resolve storage root with env var override support.

packages/cli-workflow/src/thread-scan.ts

@@ -1,23 +1,90 @@
 import { readdir, stat } from "node:fs/promises";
 import { join } from "node:path";
+import { createCasStore, parseCasThreadNode } from "@uncaged/workflow-cas";
+import {
+  readThreadsIndex,
+  type ThreadHistoryEntry,
+  type ThreadIndex,
+  walkStateFramesNewestFirst,
+} from "@uncaged/workflow-execute";
+import { END } from "@uncaged/workflow-runtime";
+import { getGlobalCasDir } from "@uncaged/workflow-util";
 
 import { pathExists, readTextFileIfExists } from "./fs-utils.js";
+import { readWorkerCtl } from "./worker-spawn.js";
 
-function parseFirstJsonLineObject(text: string): Record<string, unknown> | null {
-  const firstLine = text.split("\n")[0];
-  if (firstLine === undefined || firstLine.trim() === "") {
+async function readWorkflowNameFromStartHash(
+  storageRoot: string,
+  startHash: string,
+): Promise<string | null> {
+  const cas = createCasStore(getGlobalCasDir(storageRoot));
+  const yamlText = await cas.get(startHash);
+  if (yamlText === null) {
     return null;
   }
-  let parsed: unknown;
-  try {
-    parsed = JSON.parse(firstLine) as unknown;
-  } catch {
+  const parsed = parseCasThreadNode(yamlText);
+  if (parsed === null || parsed.kind !== "start") {
     return null;
   }
-  if (parsed === null || typeof parsed !== "object") {
-    return null;
+  return parsed.node.payload.name;
+}
+
+async function listBundleHashDirs(storageRoot: string): Promise<string[]> {
+  const bundlesRoot = join(storageRoot, "bundles");
+  if (!(await pathExists(bundlesRoot))) {
+    return [];
   }
-  return parsed as Record<string, unknown>;
+  const names = await readdir(bundlesRoot);
+  const out: string[] = [];
+  for (const name of names) {
+    const p = join(bundlesRoot, name);
+    try {
+      const st = await stat(p);
+      if (st.isDirectory()) {
+        out.push(name);
+      }
+    } catch {}
+  }
+  out.sort();
+  return out;
+}
+
+async function parseHistoryFile(path: string): Promise<ThreadHistoryEntry[]> {
+  const text = await readTextFileIfExists(path);
+  if (text === null) {
+    return [];
+  }
+  const out: ThreadHistoryEntry[] = [];
+  for (const line of text.split("\n")) {
+    const trimmed = line.trim();
+    if (trimmed === "") {
+      continue;
+    }
+    let raw: unknown;
+    try {
+      raw = JSON.parse(trimmed) as unknown;
+    } catch {
+      continue;
+    }
+    if (raw === null || typeof raw !== "object") {
+      continue;
+    }
+    const rec = raw as Record<string, unknown>;
+    const threadId = rec.threadId;
+    const head = rec.head;
+    const start = rec.start;
+    const completedAt = rec.completedAt;
+    if (
+      typeof threadId !== "string" ||
+      typeof head !== "string" ||
+      typeof start !== "string" ||
+      typeof completedAt !== "number"
+    ) {
+      continue;
+    }
+    out.push({ threadId, head, start, completedAt });
+  }
+  return out;
 }
 
 export type RunningThreadRow = {
@@ -30,32 +97,173 @@ export type HistoricalThreadRow = {
   threadId: string;
   hash: string;
   workflowName: string | null;
+  /** Active entry from `threads.json` vs completed line from `history/*.jsonl`. */
+  source: "active" | "history";
+  /** `updatedAt` for active threads; `completedAt` for history (ms since epoch). */
+  activityTs: number;
+  /** Current CAS head (`threads.json` / history row). */
+  head: string;
 };
 
-async function readThreadStartTimestampMs(dataPath: string): Promise<number | null> {
-  const text = await readTextFileIfExists(dataPath);
-  if (text === null) {
-    return null;
+export type ResolvedThreadRecord = {
+  threadId: string;
+  bundleHash: string;
+  bundleDir: string;
+  head: string;
+  start: string;
+  source: "active" | "history";
+};
+
+/** Resolve a thread via `threads.json` (active) or `history/*.jsonl` (completed). */
+// biome-ignore lint/complexity/noExcessiveCognitiveComplexity: scans all bundle dirs for thread id
+export async function resolveThreadRecord(
+  storageRoot: string,
+  threadId: string,
+): Promise<ResolvedThreadRecord | null> {
+  const hashes = await listBundleHashDirs(storageRoot);
+  for (const bundleHash of hashes) {
+    const bundleDir = join(storageRoot, "bundles", bundleHash);
+    let index: ThreadIndex;
+    try {
+      index = await readThreadsIndex(bundleDir);
+    } catch {
+      continue;
+    }
+    const active = index[threadId];
+    if (active !== undefined) {
+      return {
+        threadId,
+        bundleHash,
+        bundleDir,
+        head: active.head,
+        start: active.start,
+        source: "active",
+      };
+    }
   }
-  const parsed = parseFirstJsonLineObject(text);
-  if (parsed === null) {
-    return null;
+
+  for (const bundleHash of hashes) {
+    const bundleDir = join(storageRoot, "bundles", bundleHash);
+    const histDir = join(bundleDir, "history");
+    if (!(await pathExists(histDir))) {
+      continue;
+    }
+    let files: string[];
+    try {
+      files = await readdir(histDir);
+    } catch {
+      continue;
+    }
+    for (const name of files) {
+      if (!name.endsWith(".jsonl")) {
+        continue;
+      }
+      const entries = await parseHistoryFile(join(histDir, name));
+      for (const e of entries) {
+        if (e.threadId === threadId) {
+          return {
+            threadId,
+            bundleHash,
+            bundleDir,
+            head: e.head,
+            start: e.start,
+            source: "history",
+          };
+        }
+      }
+    }
   }
-  const ts = parsed.timestamp;
-  return typeof ts === "number" && Number.isFinite(ts) ? ts : null;
+
+  return null;
 }
 
-async function readWorkflowNameFromDataJsonl(dataPath: string): Promise<string | null> {
-  const text = await readTextFileIfExists(dataPath);
-  if (text === null) {
-    return null;
+export type ThreadHeadTerminal =
+  | { kind: "non-terminal" }
+  | { kind: "terminal"; returnCode: number };
+
+/** True when the newest frame at `headHash` is `__end__` (workflow finished in CAS). */
+export async function readThreadTerminalFromHead(
+  storageRoot: string,
+  headHash: string,
+): Promise<ThreadHeadTerminal> {
+  const cas = createCasStore(getGlobalCasDir(storageRoot));
+  const frames = await walkStateFramesNewestFirst(cas, headHash);
+  const newest = frames[0];
+  if (newest === undefined) {
+    return { kind: "non-terminal" };
   }
-  const parsed = parseFirstJsonLineObject(text);
-  if (parsed === null) {
-    return null;
+  if (newest.payload.role !== END) {
+    return { kind: "non-terminal" };
   }
-  const name = parsed.name;
-  return typeof name === "string" ? name : null;
+  const rc = newest.payload.meta.returnCode;
+  if (typeof rc !== "number") {
+    return { kind: "terminal", returnCode: 1 };
+  }
+  return { kind: "terminal", returnCode: rc };
+}
+
+export type ThreadListStatus = "running" | "active" | "completed" | "failed";
+
+/** Combines `.running` marker with CAS head: stale markers do not imply `running`. */
+export async function resolveThreadListStatus(
+  storageRoot: string,
+  row: HistoricalThreadRow,
+  runningMarkerPresent: boolean,
+): Promise<ThreadListStatus> {
+  const terminal = await readThreadTerminalFromHead(storageRoot, row.head);
+  if (terminal.kind === "terminal") {
+    return terminal.returnCode !== 0 ? "failed" : "completed";
+  }
+  if (row.source === "history") {
+    return "completed";
+  }
+  if (runningMarkerPresent) {
+    const ctlResult = await readWorkerCtl(storageRoot, row.hash);
+    if (ctlResult.ok) {
+      try {
+        process.kill(ctlResult.value.pid, 0);
+        return "running";
+      } catch {
+        // Worker PID is dead but .running marker remains — crashed thread
+        return "failed";
+      }
+    }
+    return "running";
+  }
+  // No .running marker + no __end__ + source "active" → check if worker is dead (crashed)
+  const ctlResult = await readWorkerCtl(storageRoot, row.hash);
+  if (!ctlResult.ok) {
+    // No ctl file means worker never registered or was already cleaned up — dead thread
+    return "failed";
+  }
+  try {
+    process.kill(ctlResult.value.pid, 0);
+  } catch {
+    // Worker PID is dead, thread never finished — crashed
+    return "failed";
+  }
+  return "active";
+}
+
+async function appendRunningThreadRowIfLive(
+  storageRoot: string,
+  hash: string,
+  threadId: string,
+  out: RunningThreadRow[],
+): Promise<void> {
+  const resolved = await resolveThreadRecord(storageRoot, threadId);
+  if (resolved !== null && resolved.bundleHash !== hash) {
+    return;
+  }
+  if (resolved !== null) {
+    const terminal = await readThreadTerminalFromHead(storageRoot, resolved.head);
+    if (terminal.kind === "terminal") {
+      return;
+    }
+  }
+  const workflowName =
+    resolved !== null ? await readWorkflowNameFromStartHash(storageRoot, resolved.start) : null;
+  out.push({ threadId, hash, workflowName });
 }
 
 /** Threads currently executing — identified via `<threadId>.running` markers. */
@@ -82,9 +290,7 @@ export async function listRunningThreads(storageRoot: string): Promise<RunningTh
         continue;
       }
       const threadId = fileName.slice(0, -".running".length);
-      const dataPath = join(dir, `${threadId}.data.jsonl`);
-      const workflowName = await readWorkflowNameFromDataJsonl(dataPath);
-      out.push({ threadId, hash, workflowName });
+      await appendRunningThreadRowIfLive(storageRoot, hash, threadId, out);
     }
   }
 
@@ -98,41 +304,84 @@ export async function listRunningThreads(storageRoot: string): Promise<RunningTh
 }
 
 /**
- * Historical threads discovered via `*.data.jsonl`.
- * When `workflowNameFilter` is non-null, only threads whose start record `name` matches are returned.
+ * Threads discovered via `threads.json` (active) and `history/*.jsonl` (completed).
+ * When `workflowNameFilter` is non-null, only threads whose StartNode `name` matches are returned.
  */
+// biome-ignore lint/complexity/noExcessiveCognitiveComplexity: merges active index + partitioned history
 export async function listHistoricalThreads(
   storageRoot: string,
   workflowNameFilter: string | null,
 ): Promise<HistoricalThreadRow[]> {
-  const logsRoot = join(storageRoot, "logs");
-  if (!(await pathExists(logsRoot))) {
-    return [];
-  }
-
-  const hashes = await readdir(logsRoot);
+  const hashes = await listBundleHashDirs(storageRoot);
+  const seen = new Set<string>();
   const out: HistoricalThreadRow[] = [];
 
-  for (const hash of hashes) {
-    const dir = join(logsRoot, hash);
-    let entries: string[];
+  for (const bundleHash of hashes) {
+    const bundleDir = join(storageRoot, "bundles", bundleHash);
+    let index: ThreadIndex;
     try {
-      entries = await readdir(dir);
+      index = await readThreadsIndex(bundleDir);
     } catch {
       continue;
     }
-
-    for (const fileName of entries) {
-      if (!fileName.endsWith(".data.jsonl")) {
+    for (const threadId of Object.keys(index)) {
+      const key = `${bundleHash}/${threadId}`;
+      if (seen.has(key)) {
         continue;
       }
-      const threadId = fileName.slice(0, -".data.jsonl".length);
-      const dataPath = join(dir, fileName);
-      const workflowName = await readWorkflowNameFromDataJsonl(dataPath);
+      seen.add(key);
+      const entry = index[threadId];
+      if (entry === undefined) {
+        continue;
+      }
+      const workflowName = await readWorkflowNameFromStartHash(storageRoot, entry.start);
       if (workflowNameFilter !== null && workflowName !== workflowNameFilter) {
         continue;
       }
-      out.push({ threadId, hash, workflowName });
+      out.push({
+        threadId,
+        hash: bundleHash,
+        workflowName,
+        source: "active",
+        activityTs: entry.updatedAt,
+        head: entry.head,
+      });
+    }
+
+    const histDir = join(bundleDir, "history");
+    if (!(await pathExists(histDir))) {
+      continue;
+    }
+    let files: string[];
+    try {
+      files = await readdir(histDir);
+    } catch {
+      continue;
+    }
+    for (const name of files) {
+      if (!name.endsWith(".jsonl")) {
+        continue;
+      }
+      const entries = await parseHistoryFile(join(histDir, name));
+      for (const e of entries) {
+        const key = `${bundleHash}/${e.threadId}`;
+        if (seen.has(key)) {
+          continue;
+        }
+        seen.add(key);
+        const workflowName = await readWorkflowNameFromStartHash(storageRoot, e.start);
+        if (workflowNameFilter !== null && workflowName !== workflowNameFilter) {
+          continue;
+        }
+        out.push({
+          threadId: e.threadId,
+          hash: bundleHash,
+          workflowName,
+          source: "history",
+          activityTs: e.completedAt,
+          head: e.head,
+        });
+      }
     }
   }
 
@@ -145,64 +394,93 @@ export async function listHistoricalThreads(
   return out;
 }
 
+export type LatestThreadTarget = {
+  threadId: string;
+  bundleHash: string;
+  bundleDir: string;
+  threadsJsonPath: string;
+};
+
 /**
- * Picks the thread whose `.data.jsonl` is newest by start-record `timestamp`,
- * falling back to file `mtime` when the timestamp is missing.
- * Tie-breaker: larger `mtime` wins when start timestamps are equal.
+ * Picks the newest thread by StartNode timestamp approximation (`updatedAt` active,
+ * else `completedAt` history), falling back to lexical thread id order.
  */
-export async function findLatestThreadDataPath(
+// biome-ignore lint/complexity/noExcessiveCognitiveComplexity: compares active heads vs history tails
+export async function findLatestThreadBundleTarget(
   storageRoot: string,
-): Promise<{ threadId: string; dataPath: string } | null> {
-  const threads = await listHistoricalThreads(storageRoot, null);
-  if (threads.length === 0) {
-    return null;
-  }
+): Promise<LatestThreadTarget | null> {
+  const hashes = await listBundleHashDirs(storageRoot);
 
   let best: {
     threadId: string;
-    dataPath: string;
-    primary: number;
-    secondary: number;
+    bundleHash: string;
+    bundleDir: string;
+    ts: number;
   } | null = null;
 
-  for (const t of threads) {
-    const dataPath = join(storageRoot, "logs", t.hash, `${t.threadId}.data.jsonl`);
-    let mtimeMs = 0;
+  for (const bundleHash of hashes) {
+    const bundleDir = join(storageRoot, "bundles", bundleHash);
+    let index: ThreadIndex;
     try {
-      const st = await stat(dataPath);
-      mtimeMs = st.mtimeMs;
+      index = await readThreadsIndex(bundleDir);
     } catch {
       continue;
     }
-    const startTs = await readThreadStartTimestampMs(dataPath);
-    const primary = startTs !== null ? startTs : mtimeMs;
-    const secondary = mtimeMs;
-    if (
-      best === null ||
-      primary > best.primary ||
-      (primary === best.primary && secondary > best.secondary)
-    ) {
-      best = { threadId: t.threadId, dataPath, primary, secondary };
+    for (const threadId of Object.keys(index)) {
+      const ent = index[threadId];
+      if (ent === undefined) {
+        continue;
+      }
+      const ts = ent.updatedAt;
+      const cand = { threadId, bundleHash, bundleDir, ts };
+      if (
+        best === null ||
+        cand.ts > best.ts ||
+        (cand.ts === best.ts &&
+          `${cand.bundleHash}/${cand.threadId}` > `${best.bundleHash}/${best.threadId}`)
+      ) {
+        best = cand;
+      }
+    }
+
+    const histDir = join(bundleDir, "history");
+    if (!(await pathExists(histDir))) {
+      continue;
+    }
+    let files: string[];
+    try {
+      files = await readdir(histDir);
+    } catch {
+      continue;
+    }
+    for (const name of files) {
+      if (!name.endsWith(".jsonl")) {
+        continue;
+      }
+      const entries = await parseHistoryFile(join(histDir, name));
+      for (const e of entries) {
+        const ts = e.completedAt;
+        const cand = { threadId: e.threadId, bundleHash, bundleDir, ts };
+        if (
+          best === null ||
+          cand.ts > best.ts ||
+          (cand.ts === best.ts &&
+            `${cand.bundleHash}/${cand.threadId}` > `${best.bundleHash}/${best.threadId}`)
+        ) {
+          best = cand;
+        }
+      }
     }
   }
 
-  return best === null ? null : { threadId: best.threadId, dataPath: best.dataPath };
-}
-
-export async function resolveThreadDataPath(
-  storageRoot: string,
-  threadId: string,
-): Promise<string | null> {
-  const logsRoot = join(storageRoot, "logs");
-  if (!(await pathExists(logsRoot))) {
+  if (best === null) {
     return null;
   }
-  const hashes = await readdir(logsRoot);
-  for (const hash of hashes) {
-    const candidate = join(logsRoot, hash, `${threadId}.data.jsonl`);
-    if (await pathExists(candidate)) {
-      return candidate;
-    }
-  }
-  return null;
+
+  return {
+    threadId: best.threadId,
+    bundleHash: best.bundleHash,
+    bundleDir: best.bundleDir,
+    threadsJsonPath: join(best.bundleDir, "threads.json"),
+  };
 }

packages/cli-workflow/src/worker-spawn.ts

@@ -2,10 +2,11 @@ import { type ChildProcess, spawn } from "node:child_process";
 import { mkdir, readdir, unlink, writeFile } from "node:fs/promises";
 import { createConnection } from "node:net";
 import { join } from "node:path";
-
-import { err, getWorkerHostScriptPath, ok, type Result } from "@uncaged/workflow";
+import { getWorkerHostScriptPath } from "@uncaged/workflow-execute";
+import { err, ok, type Result } from "@uncaged/workflow-protocol";
 
 import { pathExists, readTextFileIfExists } from "./fs-utils.js";
+import { readThreadTerminalFromHead, resolveThreadRecord } from "./thread-scan.js";
 
 export type WorkerCtl = {
   pid: number;
@@ -269,7 +270,25 @@ export async function resolveRunningHashForThread(
   if (!(await pathExists(logsRoot))) {
     return err(`thread not running (no logs dir): ${threadId}`);
   }
-  const hashes = await readdir(logsRoot);
+  const resolved = await resolveThreadRecord(storageRoot, threadId);
+  if (resolved !== null) {
+    const runningPath = join(logsRoot, resolved.bundleHash, `${threadId}.running`);
+    if (!(await pathExists(runningPath))) {
+      return err(`thread not running: ${threadId}`);
+    }
+    const terminal = await readThreadTerminalFromHead(storageRoot, resolved.head);
+    if (terminal.kind === "terminal") {
+      return err(`thread not running: ${threadId}`);
+    }
+    return ok(resolved.bundleHash);
+  }
+
+  let hashes: string[];
+  try {
+    hashes = await readdir(logsRoot);
+  } catch {
+    return err(`thread not running: ${threadId}`);
+  }
   for (const hash of hashes) {
     const runningPath = join(logsRoot, hash, `${threadId}.running`);
     if (await pathExists(runningPath)) {

packages/cli-workflow/src/workflow-name.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { err, ok, type Result } from "@uncaged/workflow";
+import { err, ok, type Result } from "@uncaged/workflow-protocol";
 
 const WORKFLOW_NAME_RE = /^[a-z][a-z0-9]*(-[a-z0-9]+)*$/;
 

packages/cli-workflow/tsconfig.json

@@ -17,6 +17,13 @@
     "rootDir": "src",
     "types": ["bun-types"]
   },
-  "references": [{ "path": "../workflow" }],
+  "references": [
+    { "path": "../workflow-runtime" },
+    { "path": "../workflow-protocol" },
+    { "path": "../workflow-util" },
+    { "path": "../workflow-cas" },
+    { "path": "../workflow-execute" },
+    { "path": "../workflow-register" }
+  ],
   "include": ["src/**/*.ts"]
 }

packages/workflow-agent-cursor/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+# @uncaged/workflow-agent-cursor
+
+`AgentFn` adapter that runs the `cursor-agent` CLI against a workspace path derived from the thread.
+
+The agent builds a full prompt (system + task + step history via `@uncaged/workflow-util-agent`), extracts the absolute workspace path with your `extract` + Zod schema, then spawns `cursor-agent` with `--workspace`, model, and non-interactive flags.
+
+## Install
+
+```bash
+bun add @uncaged/workflow-agent-cursor @uncaged/workflow-runtime @uncaged/workflow-util-agent zod
+```
+
+In this monorepo: `"@uncaged/workflow-agent-cursor": "workspace:*"` plus `workspace:*` for `@uncaged/workflow-runtime` and `@uncaged/workflow-util-agent`, and `zod` ^4.
+
+## Usage
+
+```typescript
+import { createCursorAgent } from "@uncaged/workflow-agent-cursor";
+
+const agent = createCursorAgent({
+  model: null, // null → "auto"
+  timeout: 0, // ms; 0 = no limit (spawnCli timeout disabled)
+  extract: myExtractFn,
+});
+```
+
+## API overview
+
+| Export | Description |
+|--------|-------------|
+| `createCursorAgent(config)` | Returns `AgentFn` that runs `cursor-agent` with `buildAgentPrompt(ctx)` from `@uncaged/workflow-util-agent` |
+| `CursorAgentConfig` | `model`, `timeout`, `extract` (must supply workspace path) |
+| `validateCursorAgentConfig` | Config validation result |
+
+Requires `cursor-agent` on `PATH` at runtime.

packages/workflow-agent-cursor/__tests__/cursor-agent.test.ts

@@ -1,20 +1,12 @@
 import { describe, expect, test } from "bun:test";
-import type { ExtractContext, ExtractFn } from "@uncaged/workflow";
-import type * as z from "zod/v4";
 import { createCursorAgent, validateCursorAgentConfig } from "../src/index.js";
 
-const testExtract: ExtractFn = async <T extends Record<string, unknown>>(
-  _schema: z.ZodType<T>,
-  _prompt: string,
-  _ctx: ExtractContext,
-): Promise<T> => ({ workspace: "/tmp" }) as unknown as T;
-
 describe("validateCursorAgentConfig", () => {
   test("accepts valid config", () => {
     const r = validateCursorAgentConfig({
       model: null,
       timeout: 0,
-      extract: testExtract,
+      workspace: "/tmp/test-project",
     });
     expect(r.ok).toBe(true);
   });
@@ -23,11 +15,11 @@ describe("validateCursorAgentConfig", () => {
     const r = validateCursorAgentConfig({
       model: null,
       timeout: 0,
-      extract: null as unknown as ExtractFn,
+      workspace: "",
     });
     expect(r.ok).toBe(false);
     if (!r.ok) {
-      expect(r.error).toContain("extract");
+      expect(r.error).toContain("workspace");
     }
   });
 
@@ -35,7 +27,7 @@ describe("validateCursorAgentConfig", () => {
     const r = validateCursorAgentConfig({
       model: null,
       timeout: -1,
-      extract: testExtract,
+      workspace: "/tmp/test-project",
     });
     expect(r.ok).toBe(false);
   });
@@ -46,7 +38,7 @@ describe("createCursorAgent", () => {
     const agent = createCursorAgent({
       model: null,
       timeout: 0,
-      extract: testExtract,
+      workspace: "/tmp/test-project",
     });
     expect(typeof agent).toBe("function");
   });
@@ -56,7 +48,7 @@ describe("createCursorAgent", () => {
       createCursorAgent({
         model: null,
         timeout: -1,
-        extract: testExtract,
+        workspace: "/tmp/test-project",
       }),
     ).toThrow();
   });

packages/workflow-agent-cursor/package.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "@uncaged/workflow-agent-cursor",
-  "version": "0.1.0",
+  "version": "0.2.0",
   "type": "module",
   "main": "src/index.ts",
   "types": "src/index.ts",
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
     "test": "bun test"
   },
   "dependencies": {
-    "@uncaged/workflow": "workspace:*",
+    "@uncaged/workflow-runtime": "workspace:*",
     "@uncaged/workflow-util-agent": "workspace:*",
     "zod": "^4.0.0"
   }

packages/workflow-agent-cursor/pnpm-lock.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+lockfileVersion: '9.0'
+
+settings:
+  autoInstallPeers: true
+  excludeLinksFromLockfile: false
+
+importers:
+
+  .:
+    dependencies:
+      '@uncaged/workflow-runtime':
+        specifier: workspace:*
+        version: link:../workflow-runtime
+      '@uncaged/workflow-util-agent':
+        specifier: workspace:*
+        version: link:../workflow-util-agent
+      zod:
+        specifier: ^4.0.0
+        version: 4.4.3
+
+packages:
+
+  zod@4.4.3:
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-ytENFjIJFl2UwYglde2jchW2Hwm4GJFLDiSXWdTrJQBIN9Fcyp7n4DhxJEiWNAJMV1/BqWfW/kkg71UDcHJyTQ==}
+
+snapshots:
+
+  zod@4.4.3: {}

packages/workflow-agent-cursor/src/index.ts

@@ -1,20 +1,12 @@
-import type { AgentFn, ExtractContext } from "@uncaged/workflow";
+import type { AgentFn } from "@uncaged/workflow-runtime";
 import { buildAgentPrompt, type SpawnCliError, spawnCli } from "@uncaged/workflow-util-agent";
-import * as z from "zod/v4";
 
 import type { CursorAgentConfig } from "./types.js";
 import { validateCursorAgentConfig } from "./validate-config.js";
 
-export { buildAgentPrompt } from "@uncaged/workflow-util-agent";
 export type { CursorAgentConfig } from "./types.js";
 export { validateCursorAgentConfig } from "./validate-config.js";
 
-const cursorWorkspaceSchema = z.object({
-  workspace: z
-    .string()
-    .describe("Absolute path to the project/repository directory the agent should work in"),
-});
-
 function throwCursorSpawnError(error: SpawnCliError): never {
   if (error.kind === "non_zero_exit") {
     throw new Error(
@@ -45,15 +37,7 @@ export function createCursorAgent(config: CursorAgentConfig): AgentFn {
   const timeoutMs = config.timeout > 0 ? config.timeout : null;
 
   return async (ctx) => {
-    const extractCtx: ExtractContext = {
-      ...ctx,
-      agentContent: "",
-    };
-    const { workspace } = await config.extract(
-      cursorWorkspaceSchema,
-      "From the thread context, determine the absolute filesystem path where the project/repository is located.",
-      extractCtx,
-    );
+    const workspace = config.workspace;
     const fullPrompt = await buildAgentPrompt(ctx);
     const args = [
       "-p",

packages/workflow-agent-cursor/src/types.ts

@@ -1,7 +1,5 @@
-import type { ExtractFn } from "@uncaged/workflow";
-
 export type CursorAgentConfig = {
   model: string | null;
   timeout: number;
-  extract: ExtractFn;
+  workspace: string;
 };

packages/workflow-agent-cursor/src/validate-config.ts

@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
-import { err, ok, type Result } from "@uncaged/workflow";
+import { err, ok, type Result } from "@uncaged/workflow-runtime";
 
 import type { CursorAgentConfig } from "./types.js";
 
 export function validateCursorAgentConfig(config: CursorAgentConfig): Result<void, string> {
-  if (typeof config.extract !== "function") {
-    return err("extract must be a function");
+  if (typeof config.workspace !== "string" || config.workspace.length === 0) {
+    return err("workspace must be a non-empty string (absolute path)");
   }
   if (config.timeout < 0) {
     return err("timeout must be a non-negative number (milliseconds); use 0 for no limit");

packages/workflow-agent-cursor/tsconfig.json

@@ -6,5 +6,5 @@
     "composite": true
   },
   "include": ["src/**/*.ts"],
-  "references": [{ "path": "../workflow" }, { "path": "../workflow-util-agent" }]
+  "references": [{ "path": "../workflow-runtime" }, { "path": "../workflow-util-agent" }]
 }

packages/workflow-agent-hermes/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+# @uncaged/workflow-agent-hermes
+
+`AgentFn` adapter that runs the `hermes` CLI in non-interactive `chat` mode (Nerve-style flags: `-q`, `--yolo`, `--quiet`, bounded `--max-turns`).
+
+The agent composes the same thread-aware prompt as other CLI-backed agents via `buildAgentPrompt` from `@uncaged/workflow-util-agent`, then spawns `hermes` and returns stdout on success.
+
+## Install
+
+```bash
+bun add @uncaged/workflow-agent-hermes @uncaged/workflow-runtime @uncaged/workflow-util-agent
+```
+
+In this monorepo: use `workspace:*` for `@uncaged/workflow-agent-hermes`, `@uncaged/workflow-runtime`, and `@uncaged/workflow-util-agent`.
+
+## Usage
+
+```typescript
+import { createHermesAgent } from "@uncaged/workflow-agent-hermes";
+
+const agent = createHermesAgent({
+  model: "your-model", // or null to omit --model
+  timeout: 600_000, // ms, or null for no timeout
+});
+```
+
+## API overview
+
+| Export | Description |
+|--------|-------------|
+| `createHermesAgent(config)` | Returns `AgentFn` wrapping `hermes chat -q ...` |
+| `HermesAgentConfig` | `model`, `timeout` |
+| `validateHermesAgentConfig` | Config validation result |
+
+Requires `hermes` on `PATH` at runtime.

packages/workflow-agent-hermes/package.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "@uncaged/workflow-agent-hermes",
-  "version": "0.1.0",
+  "version": "0.2.0",
   "type": "module",
   "main": "src/index.ts",
   "types": "src/index.ts",
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
     "test": "bun test"
   },
   "dependencies": {
-    "@uncaged/workflow": "workspace:*",
+    "@uncaged/workflow-runtime": "workspace:*",
     "@uncaged/workflow-util-agent": "workspace:*"
   }
 }

packages/workflow-agent-hermes/pnpm-lock.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+lockfileVersion: '9.0'
+
+settings:
+  autoInstallPeers: true
+  excludeLinksFromLockfile: false
+
+importers:
+
+  .:
+    dependencies:
+      '@uncaged/workflow-runtime':
+        specifier: workspace:*
+        version: link:../workflow-runtime
+      '@uncaged/workflow-util-agent':
+        specifier: workspace:*
+        version: link:../workflow-util-agent

packages/workflow-agent-hermes/src/index.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import type { AgentFn } from "@uncaged/workflow";
+import type { AgentFn } from "@uncaged/workflow-runtime";
 import { buildAgentPrompt, type SpawnCliError, spawnCli } from "@uncaged/workflow-util-agent";
 
 import type { HermesAgentConfig } from "./types.js";
@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@ import { validateHermesAgentConfig } from "./validate-config.js";
 
 const HERMES_DEFAULT_MAX_TURNS = 90;
 
-export { buildAgentPrompt } from "@uncaged/workflow-util-agent";
 export type { HermesAgentConfig } from "./types.js";
 export { validateHermesAgentConfig } from "./validate-config.js";
 

packages/workflow-agent-hermes/src/validate-config.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { err, ok, type Result } from "@uncaged/workflow";
+import { err, ok, type Result } from "@uncaged/workflow-runtime";
 
 import type { HermesAgentConfig } from "./types.js";
 

packages/workflow-agent-hermes/tsconfig.json

@@ -6,5 +6,5 @@
     "composite": true
   },
   "include": ["src/**/*.ts"],
-  "references": [{ "path": "../workflow" }, { "path": "../workflow-util-agent" }]
+  "references": [{ "path": "../workflow-runtime" }, { "path": "../workflow-util-agent" }]
 }

packages/workflow-agent-llm/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+# @uncaged/workflow-agent-llm
+
+`AgentFn` adapter that calls an OpenAI-compatible `POST /chat/completions` endpoint using `LlmProvider` from `@uncaged/workflow-runtime`.
+
+Single-turn: system text is the current role’s `systemPrompt`, user text is the thread’s initial prompt (`ctx.start.content`). Errors from HTTP, JSON, or empty choices are thrown as `Error` with a JSON payload string.
+
+## Install
+
+```bash
+bun add @uncaged/workflow-agent-llm @uncaged/workflow-runtime zod
+```
+
+In this monorepo: `"@uncaged/workflow-agent-llm": "workspace:*"`, `"@uncaged/workflow-runtime": "workspace:*"` (and satisfy `zod` ^4 as required by `@uncaged/workflow-runtime`).
+
+## Usage
+
+```typescript
+import { createLlmAdapter } from "@uncaged/workflow-agent-llm";
+
+const agent = createLlmAdapter({
+  baseUrl: "https://api.openai.com/v1",
+  apiKey: process.env.OPENAI_API_KEY!,
+  model: "gpt-4.1-mini",
+});
+```
+
+## API overview
+
+| Export | Description |
+|--------|-------------|
+| `createLlmAdapter(provider)` | `LlmProvider` → `AgentFn` |
+| `chatCompletionText({ provider, messages })` | Low-level `Result<string, LlmChatError>` helper |
+| `LlmMessage` | `{ role: "system" \| "user" \| "assistant"; content: string }` |
+| `LlmChatError` | Discriminated error kinds for failed completions |

packages/workflow-agent-llm/__tests__/create-llm-adapter.test.ts

@@ -1,27 +1,20 @@
 import { describe, expect, test } from "bun:test";
-import { mkdtempSync } from "node:fs";
-import { tmpdir } from "node:os";
-import { join } from "node:path";
-import { createCasStore, START, type ThreadContext } from "@uncaged/workflow";
+import { type AgentContext, START } from "@uncaged/workflow-runtime";
 
 import { createLlmAdapter } from "../src/create-llm-adapter.js";
 
-const casDir = mkdtempSync(join(tmpdir(), "wf-llm-adapter-cas-"));
-const testCas = createCasStore(casDir);
-
-function makeCtx(userContent: string): ThreadContext {
+function makeCtx(userContent: string): AgentContext {
   return {
     start: {
       role: START,
       content: userContent,
-      meta: { maxRounds: 10 },
+      meta: {},
       timestamp: 1,
     },
     depth: 0,
     steps: [],
     threadId: "01TEST000000000000000000TR",
     currentRole: { name: "planner", systemPrompt: "system instructions" },
-    cas: testCas,
   };
 }
 

packages/workflow-agent-llm/package.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "@uncaged/workflow-agent-llm",
-  "version": "0.1.0",
+  "version": "0.2.0",
   "type": "module",
   "main": "src/index.ts",
   "types": "src/index.ts",
@@ -8,6 +8,6 @@
     "test": "bun test"
   },
   "dependencies": {
-    "@uncaged/workflow": "workspace:*"
+    "@uncaged/workflow-runtime": "workspace:*"
   }
 }

packages/workflow-agent-llm/pnpm-lock.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+lockfileVersion: '9.0'
+
+settings:
+  autoInstallPeers: true
+  excludeLinksFromLockfile: false
+
+importers:
+
+  .:
+    dependencies:
+      '@uncaged/workflow-runtime':
+        specifier: workspace:*
+        version: link:../workflow-runtime

packages/workflow-agent-llm/src/create-llm-adapter.ts

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ import {
   type LlmProvider,
   ok,
   type Result,
-} from "@uncaged/workflow";
+} from "@uncaged/workflow-runtime";
 
 /** OpenAI chat completion message shape (passed to `/chat/completions`). */
 export type LlmMessage = { role: "system" | "user" | "assistant"; content: string };

packages/workflow-agent-llm/tsconfig.json

@@ -6,5 +6,5 @@
     "composite": true
   },
   "include": ["src/**/*.ts"],
-  "references": [{ "path": "../workflow" }]
+  "references": [{ "path": "../workflow-runtime" }]
 }

packages/workflow-cas/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+# @uncaged/workflow-cas
+
+Content-addressable storage implementation, bundle hashing, and Merkle helpers.
+
+## What This Package Does
+
+It implements `CasStore` from `@uncaged/workflow-protocol`, hashes workflow bundle bytes and strings with XXH64, and builds serializable Merkle nodes for thread/step/content payloads used when persisting execution artifacts.
+
+## Key Exports
+
+From `src/index.ts`:
+
+- **CAS:** `createCasStore`
+- **Hash:** `hashString`, `hashWorkflowBundleBytes`
+- **Merkle:** `createContentMerkleNode`, `getContentMerklePayload`, `parseMerkleNode`, `putContentMerkleNode`, `putStepMerkleNode`, `putThreadMerkleNode`, `serializeMerkleNode`
+- **Types:** `CasStore`, `MerkleNode`, `MerkleNodeType`, `StepMerklePayload`, `ThreadMerklePayload`
+
+## Dependencies
+
+- **Workspace:** `@uncaged/workflow-protocol` (`CasStore` contract), `@uncaged/workflow-util`
+- **npm:** `xxhashjs`, `yaml`
+
+## Usage
+
+```typescript
+import { createCasStore, hashWorkflowBundleBytes } from "@uncaged/workflow-cas";
+import { getGlobalCasDir } from "@uncaged/workflow-util";
+
+const store = createCasStore(getGlobalCasDir());
+const hash = await hashWorkflowBundleBytes(esmJsBytes);
+```

packages/workflow-cas/__tests__/collect-refs.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+import { describe, expect, test } from "bun:test";
+import type { StateNode } from "@uncaged/workflow-protocol";
+
+import { collectRefs } from "../src/collect-refs.js";
+
+function payload(
+  partial: Partial<StateNode["payload"]> & Pick<StateNode["payload"], "role">,
+): StateNode["payload"] {
+  return {
+    role: partial.role,
+    meta: partial.meta ?? {},
+    start: partial.start ?? "STARTHASH000000000000001",
+    content: partial.content ?? "CONTENTHASH00000000000001",
+    ancestors: partial.ancestors ?? [],
+    compact: partial.compact ?? null,
+    timestamp: partial.timestamp ?? 0,
+  };
+}
+
+describe("collectRefs", () => {
+  test("collects start, content, ancestors, and compact hashes in order", () => {
+    const refs = collectRefs(
+      payload({
+        role: "coder",
+        start: "01START00000000000000001",
+        content: "01CONTENT0000000000000001",
+        ancestors: ["01PARENT0000000000000001", "01GRAND000000000000000001"],
+        compact: "01COMPACT0000000000000001",
+      }),
+    );
+    expect(refs).toEqual([
+      "01START00000000000000001",
+      "01CONTENT0000000000000001",
+      "01PARENT0000000000000001",
+      "01GRAND000000000000000001",
+      "01COMPACT0000000000000001",
+    ]);
+  });
+
+  test("does not collect compact when compact is null", () => {
+    const refs = collectRefs(
+      payload({
+        role: "coder",
+        start: "S1",
+        content: "C1",
+        ancestors: ["A1"],
+        compact: null,
+      }),
+    );
+    expect(refs).toEqual(["S1", "C1", "A1"]);
+  });
+
+  test("returns only start and content when ancestors is empty", () => {
+    const refs = collectRefs(
+      payload({
+        role: "coder",
+        start: "S2",
+        content: "C2",
+        ancestors: [],
+        compact: null,
+      }),
+    );
+    expect(refs).toEqual(["S2", "C2"]);
+  });
+});

packages/workflow-cas/__tests__/reachable.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+import { describe, expect, test } from "bun:test";
+import type { CasStore } from "@uncaged/workflow-protocol";
+import { stringify } from "yaml";
+
+import { findReachableHashes } from "../src/reachable.js";
+
+function yamlBlob(refs: readonly string[]): string {
+  return stringify({ type: "node", payload: {}, refs: [...refs] }, { indent: 2 });
+}
+
+function memoryCas(entries: Record<string, string>): CasStore {
+  const map = { ...entries };
+  return {
+    async put(): Promise<string> {
+      throw new Error("memoryCas.put not used in tests");
+    },
+    async get(hash: string): Promise<string | null> {
+      return map[hash] ?? null;
+    },
+    async delete(): Promise<void> {},
+    async list(): Promise<string[]> {
+      return Object.keys(map);
+    },
+  };
+}
+
+describe("findReachableHashes", () => {
+  test("walks refs recursively from a single root", async () => {
+    const cas = memoryCas({
+      R1: yamlBlob(["R2"]),
+      R2: yamlBlob(["R3"]),
+      R3: yamlBlob([]),
+    });
+    const reachable = await findReachableHashes(["R1"], cas);
+    expect([...reachable].sort()).toEqual(["R1", "R2", "R3"]);
+  });
+
+  test("union of reachability from multiple roots", async () => {
+    const cas = memoryCas({
+      A: yamlBlob(["X"]),
+      B: yamlBlob(["Y"]),
+      X: yamlBlob([]),
+      Y: yamlBlob(["Z"]),
+      Z: yamlBlob([]),
+    });
+    const reachable = await findReachableHashes(["A", "B"], cas);
+    expect([...reachable].sort()).toEqual(["A", "B", "X", "Y", "Z"]);
+  });
+
+  test("handles cycles via visited set", async () => {
+    const cas = memoryCas({
+      C1: yamlBlob(["C2"]),
+      C2: yamlBlob(["C1"]),
+    });
+    const reachable = await findReachableHashes(["C1"], cas);
+    expect(reachable.size).toBe(2);
+    expect(reachable.has("C1")).toBe(true);
+    expect(reachable.has("C2")).toBe(true);
+  });
+
+  test("does not throw when a ref points to a missing blob", async () => {
+    const cas = memoryCas({
+      H1: yamlBlob(["MISSINGHASH0000000000001"]),
+    });
+    const reachable = await findReachableHashes(["H1"], cas);
+    expect(reachable.has("H1")).toBe(true);
+    expect(reachable.has("MISSINGHASH0000000000001")).toBe(false);
+  });
+});

packages/workflow-cas/package.json

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+{
+  "name": "@uncaged/workflow-cas",
+  "version": "0.1.0",
+  "type": "module",
+  "scripts": {
+    "test": "bun test"
+  },
+  "exports": {
+    ".": {
+      "types": "./dist/index.d.ts",
+      "import": "./src/index.ts"
+    }
+  },
+  "dependencies": {
+    "@uncaged/workflow-protocol": "workspace:*",
+    "@uncaged/workflow-util": "workspace:*",
+    "xxhashjs": "^0.2.2",
+    "yaml": "^2.7.1"
+  },
+  "devDependencies": {
+    "@types/bun": "latest"
+  }
+}

packages/workflow-cas/pnpm-lock.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+lockfileVersion: '9.0'
+
+settings:
+  autoInstallPeers: true
+  excludeLinksFromLockfile: false
+
+importers:
+
+  .:
+    dependencies:
+      '@uncaged/workflow-protocol':
+        specifier: workspace:*
+        version: link:../workflow-protocol
+      '@uncaged/workflow-util':
+        specifier: workspace:*
+        version: link:../workflow-util
+      xxhashjs:
+        specifier: ^0.2.2
+        version: 0.2.2
+      yaml:
+        specifier: ^2.7.1
+        version: 2.8.4
+    devDependencies:
+      '@types/bun':
+        specifier: latest
+        version: 1.3.13
+
+packages:
+
+  '@types/bun@1.3.13':
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-9fqXWk5YIHGGnUau9TEi+qdlTYDAnOj+xLCmSTwXfAIqXr2x4tytJb43E9uCvt09zJURKXwAtkoH4nLQfzeTXw==}
+
+  '@types/node@25.6.2':
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-sokuT28dxf9JT5Kady1fsXOvI4HVpjZa95NKT5y9PNTIrs2AsobR4GFAA90ZG8M+nxVRLysCXsVj6eGC7Vbrlw==}
+
+  bun-types@1.3.13:
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-QXKeHLlOLqQX9LgYaHJfzdBaV21T63HhFJnvuRCcjZiaUDpbs5ED1MgxbMra71CsryN/1dAoXuJJJwIv/2drVA==}
+
+  cuint@0.2.2:
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-d4ZVpCW31eWwCMe1YT3ur7mUDnTXbgwyzaL320DrcRT45rfjYxkt5QWLrmOJ+/UEAI2+fQgKe/fCjR8l4TpRgw==}
+
+  undici-types@7.19.2:
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-qYVnV5OEm2AW8cJMCpdV20CDyaN3g0AjDlOGf1OW4iaDEx8MwdtChUp4zu4H0VP3nDRF/8RKWH+IPp9uW0YGZg==}
+
+  xxhashjs@0.2.2:
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-AkTuIuVTET12tpsVIQo+ZU6f/qDmKuRUcjaqR+OIvm+aCBsZ95i7UVY5WJ9TMsSaZ0DA2WxoZ4acu0sPH+OKAw==}
+
+  yaml@2.8.4:
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-ml/JPOj9fOQK8RNnWojA67GbZ0ApXAUlN2UQclwv2eVgTgn7O9gg9o7paZWKMp4g0H3nTLtS9LVzhkpOFIKzog==}
+    engines: {node: '>= 14.6'}
+    hasBin: true
+
+snapshots:
+
+  '@types/bun@1.3.13':
+    dependencies:
+      bun-types: 1.3.13
+
+  '@types/node@25.6.2':
+    dependencies:
+      undici-types: 7.19.2
+
+  bun-types@1.3.13:
+    dependencies:
+      '@types/node': 25.6.2
+
+  cuint@0.2.2: {}
+
+  undici-types@7.19.2: {}
+
+  xxhashjs@0.2.2:
+    dependencies:
+      cuint: 0.2.2
+
+  yaml@2.8.4: {}

packages/workflow-cas/src/cas.ts

@@ -2,8 +2,23 @@ import { mkdir, readdir, readFile, rename, unlink, writeFile } from "node:fs/pro
 import { join } from "node:path";
 
 import { hashString } from "./hash.js";
+import { createContentMerkleNode, parseMerkleNode, serializeMerkleNode } from "./merkle.js";
+import { isCasNodeYaml } from "./nodes.js";
 import type { CasStore } from "./types.js";
 
+/** Raw strings become content merkle YAML; already-valid merkle documents pass through. */
+function normalizeCasPutContent(content: string): string {
+  if (isCasNodeYaml(content)) {
+    return content;
+  }
+  try {
+    parseMerkleNode(content);
+    return content;
+  } catch {
+    return serializeMerkleNode(createContentMerkleNode(content));
+  }
+}
+
 export function createCasStore(casDir: string): CasStore {
   async function ensureDir(): Promise<void> {
     await mkdir(casDir, { recursive: true });
@@ -15,11 +30,12 @@ export function createCasStore(casDir: string): CasStore {
 
   return {
     async put(content: string): Promise<string> {
-      const hash = hashString(content);
+      const toStore = normalizeCasPutContent(content);
+      const hash = hashString(toStore);
       await ensureDir();
       const target = filePath(hash);
       const tmp = `${target}.tmp.${Date.now()}`;
-      await writeFile(tmp, content, "utf8");
+      await writeFile(tmp, toStore, "utf8");
       await rename(tmp, target);
       return hash;
     },
@@ -62,6 +78,3 @@ export function createCasStore(casDir: string): CasStore {
     },
   };
 }
-
-/** @deprecated Use {@link createCasStore} — CAS is global, not per-thread. */
-export const createThreadCas = createCasStore;

packages/workflow-cas/src/collect-refs.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+import type { StateNode } from "@uncaged/workflow-protocol";
+
+/** Collects CAS hashes from {@link StateNode} payload fields for GC `refs[]` derivation. */
+export function collectRefs(payload: StateNode["payload"]): string[] {
+  const out: string[] = [payload.start, payload.content];
+  for (const h of payload.ancestors) {
+    out.push(h);
+  }
+  if (payload.compact !== null) {
+    out.push(payload.compact);
+  }
+  return out;
+}

packages/workflow-cas/src/hash.ts

@@ -1,9 +1,7 @@
 import { Buffer } from "node:buffer";
-
+import { encodeUint64AsCrockford } from "@uncaged/workflow-util";
 import XXH from "xxhashjs";
 
-import { encodeUint64AsCrockford } from "../util/index.js";
-
 function digestToUint64(digest: { toString(radix?: number): string }): bigint {
   const hex = digest.toString(16).padStart(16, "0");
   return BigInt(`0x${hex}`);

packages/workflow-cas/src/index.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-export { createCasStore, createThreadCas } from "./cas.js";
+export { createCasStore } from "./cas.js";
+export { collectRefs } from "./collect-refs.js";
 export { hashString, hashWorkflowBundleBytes } from "./hash.js";
 export {
   createContentMerkleNode,
@@ -9,6 +10,16 @@ export {
   putThreadMerkleNode,
   serializeMerkleNode,
 } from "./merkle.js";
+export type { ParsedCasThreadNode } from "./nodes.js";
+export {
+  isCasNodeYaml,
+  parseCasThreadNode,
+  putContentNodeWithRefs,
+  putStartNode,
+  putStateNode,
+  serializeCasNode,
+} from "./nodes.js";
+export { findReachableHashes } from "./reachable.js";
 export type {
   CasStore,
   MerkleNode,

packages/workflow-cas/src/merkle.ts

@@ -1,8 +1,41 @@
 import { parse, stringify } from "yaml";
 
-import type { CasStore, MerkleNode, StepMerklePayload, ThreadMerklePayload } from "./types.js";
+import type {
+  CasStore,
+  MerkleNode,
+  MerkleNodeType,
+  StepMerklePayload,
+  ThreadMerklePayload,
+} from "./types.js";
+
+function requireStringHashArray(value: unknown, notArrayMessage: string): string[] {
+  if (!Array.isArray(value)) {
+    throw new Error(notArrayMessage);
+  }
+  const out: string[] = [];
+  for (const c of value) {
+    if (typeof c !== "string") {
+      throw new Error("merkle: hash entry must be a string");
+    }
+    out.push(c);
+  }
+  return out;
+}
+
+function edgeListRaw(rec: Record<string, unknown>, type: MerkleNodeType): unknown {
+  if (type === "content") {
+    return rec.refs !== undefined ? rec.refs : rec.children;
+  }
+  return rec.children;
+}
 
 export function serializeMerkleNode(node: MerkleNode): string {
+  if (node.type === "content") {
+    return stringify(
+      { type: node.type, payload: node.payload, refs: node.children },
+      { indent: 2 },
+    );
+  }
   return stringify(
     { type: node.type, payload: node.payload, children: node.children },
     { indent: 2 },
@@ -17,23 +50,18 @@ export function parseMerkleNode(yamlText: string): MerkleNode {
   const rec = raw as Record<string, unknown>;
   const type = rec.type;
   const payload = rec.payload;
-  const children = rec.children;
   if (type !== "content" && type !== "step" && type !== "thread") {
     throw new Error("merkle: invalid or missing type");
   }
   if (typeof payload !== "string" && (payload === null || typeof payload !== "object")) {
     throw new Error("merkle: payload must be a string or object");
   }
-  if (!Array.isArray(children)) {
-    throw new Error("merkle: children must be an array");
-  }
-  const childHashes: string[] = [];
-  for (const c of children) {
-    if (typeof c !== "string") {
-      throw new Error("merkle: child hash must be a string");
-    }
-    childHashes.push(c);
-  }
+
+  const notArrayMsg =
+    type === "content"
+      ? "merkle: content node requires refs or children array"
+      : "merkle: children must be an array";
+  const childHashes = requireStringHashArray(edgeListRaw(rec, type), notArrayMsg);
   return {
     type,
     payload: typeof payload === "string" ? payload : (payload as Record<string, unknown>),
@@ -77,13 +105,17 @@ export async function putThreadMerkleNode(
   return store.put(serializeMerkleNode(node));
 }
 
-/** Serializes a content Merkle node and stores it in CAS; returns its hash. */
+/** Stores agent/content text via CAS; {@link createCasStore} wraps raw strings as merkle content nodes. */
 export async function putContentMerkleNode(store: CasStore, content: string): Promise<string> {
-  const yamlText = serializeMerkleNode(createContentMerkleNode(content));
-  return store.put(yamlText);
+  return store.put(content);
 }
 
-/** Loads a CAS blob and returns the payload string for a `content` Merkle node. */
+/**
+ * Loads a CAS blob and returns the payload string for a `content` node.
+ *
+ * Accepts both the legacy `{ type:content, payload, children }` Merkle layout
+ * and the RFC-aligned `{ type:content, payload, refs }` content node layout.
+ */
 export async function getContentMerklePayload(
   store: CasStore,
   hash: string,
@@ -92,9 +124,13 @@ export async function getContentMerklePayload(
   if (yamlText === null) {
     return null;
   }
-  const node = parseMerkleNode(yamlText);
-  if (node.type !== "content" || typeof node.payload !== "string") {
+  const raw = parse(yamlText) as unknown;
+  if (raw === null || typeof raw !== "object") {
     return null;
   }
-  return node.payload;
+  const rec = raw as Record<string, unknown>;
+  if (rec.type !== "content" || typeof rec.payload !== "string") {
+    return null;
+  }
+  return rec.payload;
 }